Chess mazita anogona kunetsa kuvhiringidza, kunyanya sezvo vanogona kusiyanisa zvichienderana nesangano riri kuvabvumira. Kunyange zvazvo nyaya ino isingagoni kuva mutungamiriri wakakwana chezita chess, inofanira kukupa pfungwa yakanaka yezvinoreva kuva tenzi, gurukota, kana chero ipi zvimwe mazita anokosha anokwanisa kupiwa vatambi vane simba.
Nyanzvi uye Chikoro Chezita
Vatambi vakawanda vanozviti ivo "Chikoro A," "Chikamu C," kana "Expert" chess player.
Aya mazita akavakirwa zvakakwana pamatare, uye ari, kunyanya chikamu, asinganyatsozivikanwi. Vatambi vakawanda vanotarisa musoro wekuti chikwata chavo chiripo chiripo, kunyange vamwe (kunyanya avo avo vakambosvika paZvire veZvondo) vachazvitaura ivo pachavo nepamusoro pekirasi yavo. Aya mazita emakirasi anowanzoonekwa seanoenderana nematafura anotevera:
- Nyanzvi: 2000-2199
- Chikoro A: 1800-1999
- Chikoro B: 1600-1799
- Chikoro C: 1400-1599
- Chikoro D: 1200-1399
- Chikoro E: 1000-1199
IU USCF ikozvino inopawo "tsika-based" zvidzidzo, izvo zvinobvumirwa zvichienderana nemitambo yemitambo semhando yehupenyu hwekuona kubudirira. Tichadzoka kune imwe nzira yehurongwa patinotaura pamusoro pezita rakadzama FIDE rinogona kupiwa.
Nheyo Dzakanaka Zenyika
Mazita ekuremekedza anowanzopiwa nemasangano echessederations senzira yekukudza vatambi vane simba munyika yavo. Semuenzaniso, USCF inopa chikwereti cheNational Master kune chero muteereri anosvika pakugadzwa kwema 2200; imwezve Mutevedzeri Mukuru Mutsva inopiwa kune chero mutambi anoenda kusvika kuma 2400.
Kusiyana nechezasi "mazita okuremekedza," inowanzoonekwa seyakagamuchirwa kuti muchengeti azviratidze sewe tenzi kana vakambobata tenzi wezita. Mukuwedzera, USCF inewo chigaro cheHupenyu Master, iyo inopiwa chete kune vatambi vakave nehuwandu hwe 2200 kana hukuru kune mamiriyoni 300 USCF-rated match.
FIDE Mazita
Mazita ekuremekedzwa akapiwa neFIDE, World Chess Federation. Aya mazita anoda hutungamiri hweFIDE, uye mazita akakurumbirawo anodawo maitiro akasimba mumakwikwi kune vamwe vatambi vechidiki. Kana yapiwa, mazita FIDE haabviswi kubva kune vatambi, kunyange kana maitiro avo achidonha. Mazita echiFIDE uye zvavanoda ndeaya anotevera:
Mudzidzisi Mudzidzisi: Tsamba iyi inopiwa kune chero mutambi ane fidhi yakagadzwa yeFIDE ye 2200 kana kupfuura. Iri ndiro zita rakakurumbira rakapiwa naFIDE.
FIDE Master (FM): Mutungamiri weFIDE anopiwa chikamu kune chero mutambi anosimbisa kuenzanisa kweFIDE kweanoda kusvika 2300. Mitambo yakawanda yepasi rose inotorawo mupepeti FIDE kuti vawane; somuenzaniso, munhu anogona kuwana chikwata cheMFM nekukunda chikamu pamitambo yePan-Am Youth, kunyange kana vasingasviki zvinodiwa.
International Master (IM): Kuti uwane mutemo we IM, mutambi anofanirwa kuva neFID yakagadziriswa yehuwandu hwema 2400. Zvisinei, vatambi vanofanirawo kuratidza simba ravo nekuva nemigumisiro yakazara yakasimba ((kazhinji) nhatu dzakatarisana nemakwikwi akasimba kwazvo. Kufanana neshoko reMFM, zvisinei, kune zvingava zvishoma zvekutsvaga kukunda musoro we IM, zvakadai sokuva mumhanyi kuWorld Junior Championship.
Grandmaster (GM): Mutemo weGM ndiyo musoro wakaoma zvikuru wekuwana mari kune chero chess player. Kuti ave mutungamiri mukuru , mutambi anofanirwa kuumba huwandu hweFIDE hunenge 2500. Mukuwedzera, ivo vanofanira kutungamira nemitemo yakafanana inotarisirwa yeI IM, asi nepamusoro wepamusoro inodiwa kuti ibudirire humwe hutsika. Zvimwe chete mashomanane anotora chikamu cheGM kunze kwegadziriro ino; Kukunda World Junior Championship kana kuti World Senior Championship inzira mbiri umo mutambi anogona kuwana mutemo weGM pasinei nokuti haana kukodzera.
Zita revakadzi
FIDE zvakare zvikwereti zvinyorwa zvakawanda zvinongoratidzwa chete kune vatambi vechikadzi. Aya mazita ane zvimwe zvinopesana; kunyange zvazvo vakawanda vachikakavadzana kuti vanobatsira kukurudzira vatambi vechikadzi uye kupa mubayiro wavo, vamwe vanoti mazita aya anonyadzisa uye asingadiwi, sezvinokwanisa vakadzi (uye kuita) kusvika kumazinga ekubudirira zvakakosha kuti vawane mazita echirongwa cheFIDE.
Ichokwadi, vazhinji vevatambi vechikadzi vepanyika munyika iye zvino vava vadzidzisi. Zvisinei, mazita echikadzi ane mitemo yakadzika inodiwa kuti ibudirire, saka vamwe vatambi vechikadzi vane mazita emadzimai pane e "zvakakodzera" musoro. Mazita echikadzi anotevera:
- Mukadzi Mubvunzo Mukuru (WCM)
- Mukadzi FIDE Master (WFM)
- Mukadzi Wepasi Pose (WIM)
- Mukadzi Grandmaster (WGM): Tsamba iyi inenge yakaenzana neyomusoro weI IM, uye vatambi vanofanirwa sevamwe vose vanogona kusarudza kuzvicherechedza neimwe yemazita maviri.