Chimwe chezvinhu zvinoshamisa zvikuru che chess ndeyekugadzirisa, apo mutambi ari kukunda anomanikidzwa kugadzirisa dhora nokuti muvengi wake haana mvumo yekuita. Izvo zvinyorwa zvave zviri nyaya yekukurukurirana pakati pe chess aficionados kwemazana emakore, nevamwe vatambi venyika vese vachikakavhiringidza kuti kugadzirisa kunofanira kunge kuri kukunda kune rumwe rutivi runokonzera izvi. Mutemo wave uchitarirwa nehuwandu hwakawanda munhoroondo yemutambo.
Stalemate History
Mumazuva okutanga e chess - kana, kunyanya, ma-pre-chess mitambo yakadai sa shatranj - kumira kwaionekwa sokuti ndiko kukunda kumativi ekumanikidzira mamiriro acho ezvinhu. Apo maItaly akatanga kuumba mazuva ano chess mitemo muzana remakore rechi13, kunyange zvakadaro, kukanganisa kwakava mutsindo, uye kutarisa kwaifunga kuti ndiyo nzira chete yekukunda.
Asi kutonga-kuenzana-ne-tie kutonga kwakanga kusiri kure nenyika yose. Mune zvimwe zvikamu zveEurope, imwe kunze kweItaly, kukanganisa kwakange kuchiri kutorwa sekukunda kwemazana emakore akawanda. Mune dzimwe nyika - zvikurukuru muzvikamu zveAsia kusvika pane zvishoma - vateereri vakanga vasingabvumirwi kuita chimwe chinhu chinogona kumanikidzira kugadzirisa. Izvi zvakafanana nekutonga uko mambo asingakwanisi kutamira kunzvimbo yakatarisana nemambo anopikisa. Zvechokwadi, muEngland kwemazana emakore emakore, mambo akadzingwa ainyatsoonekwa somunhu anokunda. Saka, mutambi ari munzvimbo isina kusimba kupfuura uyo anopikisana naye - kunyange mumwe chete kune mambo chete - angadai akakunda mutambo kana akamanikidzwa muchitema pasi pemitemo yeBritish.
Nharo dzeKuita Simba Rakakunda
Sezvo kutonga kwekusimudzira kwakagadzirwa muma1800, vamwe vatsoropodzi vakatsanangura kuti kugadzirisa kunofanira kuonekwa sekukunda. Vanopikisa kuti mutambi anokonzera kukanganisa akamanikidza muvengi wake kuti ave munzvimbo isingawaniki, apo chero kufamba kupi zvingada kurasikirwa namambo wake.
Kurasikirwa namambo, hongu, ndeyekuti unorasikirwa sei ne chess. Vaya vatsoropodzi vanotaurawo kuti vazhinji vanowedzera chess ndeye chikonzero chekutonga kwekugadzirisa - kunyanya kuguma apo mambo uye pawn haagoni kukunda mambo mumwe chete - uye kubvisa mutemo uyu kunowedzera huwandu hwemitambo yakashata pamatunhu ose e chess.
Nharo dzeSalemate seDrag
Kusiyana neizvi, vatsigiri vezvematongerwo enyika vanotaura kuti chess nyika iye zvino ine tsika yakareba yekurapa kusagadzikana sekukwevedza uye kuti vatambi vanowanzoshandisa chigadziro senzira yekuzvidzivirira. Vanocherechedzawo kuti kubatsirwa kwepfuma - apo mutambi ane zvikamu zvakakosha kudarika muvengi wake - anowanzove ari kusarudza mucheche chess. Zvisinei, izvi zvinotarisirwa nedzimwe pfungwa, dzakadai sekusimudzirwa, chirongwa chekutanga uye pawn structure, iyo yose inogona kushandiswa kuenzanisa kana kunyange kukunda kukanganisa kwezvinhu. Pasina kukanganisa kusarudzwa, mutambi ane kunyange imwechete pawn advantage angangogara achikunda, vanopikisana.
The Endgame
Tichifunga kuti hapana chekufambisa kuputsa mutemo unotaura kuti kugadziriswa ibasa, zviri pachena kuti mutemo uyu ucharamba usingashanduki kune ramangwana rakatarisika. Zvisinei, ichokwadi mubvunzo ucharamba uchingopfuurira.
Chess inofanira kuonekwa inowanzova pangozi yekutambura "kuisa rufu," kuita kuti chigadziro chinokunda chinogona kuve shanduko yemitemo iyo vanotarisana nevatambi vanoedza kuedza kuwedzera nhamba yemitambo yakasimba mu elite chess.