Kuzivikanwa Kwematanho muAmerican Furniture
Ungano yeUnited Society yeVatendi muKirisito yeChipiri yaKuratidzika, inowanzotaurwa zvakanyanya seShakers , inozivikanwa zvikuru nemafambisi avo nhasi, kunyanya zvigaro zvavo. Sezvo vatsva "Vatendi" vakabatana nenharaunda yavo, vakaunza mazita ekuremekedzwa kwehurumende yeFenest time furniture uye ivo vakatorawo izvo zvakaitwa naShakers mumisha yavo kuenda mberi.
Shanduro inonyanya kuzivikanwa yeShaker chair is a slat- or ladder-back version, asi paiva nemhando dzakawanda dzinosanganisira avo vane Windsor kupikisa uye chigaro chinotenderera chinonziwo revolver.
Uye, zvechokwadi, pane dzakawanda zvakazivikanwa Shaker rocking chair.
Sangano guru uye rakakosha zvikuru reShakers rakasimbiswa paNew Lebanon, New York muna 1787. Guta iri rakaramba richishanda kusvika muna 1947, maererano neMetropolitan Museum yeArt in New York, iyo inobata chikamu chinoshamisa cheShaker furniture uye neimba yemidziyo.
Zvinonakidza kuziva kuti bazi reNebhanoni ndiro ndiro roga rakagadzira zvigaro zvinotengeswa kuvanhu senzira yekutsigira nharaunda. Mimwe midzi yeShaker yakaita fesheni, kusanganisira zvigaro, zvekushandiswa mumisha yavo uye mabhizinesi uye kutengesa kwezvinhu izvi zvakasara mukati memagariro evanhu.
Iyo Yakanakisisa Rudzi Rwenyika Yakarongedzwa MuZvigaro Zvisarudzo
MuSimba reAmerica: Tables, Zvigaro, Sofas & Beds , munyori Marvin D. Schwartz anotaura kuti "Shaker fenisha ndiyo ndiyo yakanakisisa yemhando yenyika." Va Shakers vakabudisa zvakawanda zvefambisi yavo kubva muna 1820 kusvika muna 1870, uye vakaramba vachigadzira zvigaro kuburikidza zvakasara zvema1800s.
Pakazosvika 1900 mharaunda yakaderera zvakanyanya muhuwandu, uye midziyo miduku yakawanda yakaitwa pashure.
Zvigaro zvakagadzirwa nevaShakers zvakatevera fomu kubva pamadziro 18 mashoma-maitiro, zvikurukuru maFree influences, kusanganisira avo vanoonekwa mumhepo yavo ye Windsor uye slat-back. Izvozvi zvigaro zvaivawo nyore zvakashandura zvigaro uye zvigaro zvakagadzirwa.
Vakashayiwa mashizha akawanda, sezvakanga zvarayirwa nemusangano wechitendero Amai Lee, kunyange zvazvo nhamba yavo yakawanda yakavezwa pavakatanga kutanga.
Extraneous ornamentation uye zvinyorwa zvinopa nyaradzo zvakanzi hazvina kukodzera nekuda kwezvitendero zvakasimba zveShakers. Maererano neAntiques Encyclopedia naHidde Halbertsma, firiji iyi "inofanirwa nemiganhu ye geometric neinzvimbo dzakananga nekushanda." Tarenda yeShakers yakaratidzwa nekuita nyore uye kunatswa. Vakabvisa "zvose zvekushongedza uye zvekushongedza" kugadzira fenisha yakashanda zvido zvekuda zvakanyatsonaka.
Shaker Chair Chakanaka
Kunyange zvazvo chimiro chikuru chezvigaro zvakawanda zveShaker zvakanga zvakafanana, zvigaro zvakasiyana mune zvinyorwa. Zvimwe zvaive zvakagadzirwa nematehwe, mazai, kana shati yakavezwa, asi vamwe vaiva nezvigaro zveganda. Mukuwedzera, sezvakagoverwa neThe Art Complex Museum muDuxbury, Misa., Kune huwandu hwenzvimbo dzekuvaka dzinobatsira pakugadzirisa zvigaro zvemauto anotangira:
"Zvigaro zvakagadzirwa kuEnifield, Connecticut, somuenzaniso, zvinoratidza zvishoma zvishoma zvinopedzana zvinopedzisira zvisingagumi pamutsipa wakatsanangurwa zvakanaka. Avo vakawanikwa pazvigaro zveSouth Union, Kentucky, vanofanana ne'zai mukombe, 'apo avo vakawanika pazvigaro zveEnifield, New Hampshire, vakaita sechiedza chemwenje. "
Kusiyana kwepachimwe chinhu mukunyora kunobatsira masayendisiti ezvematongerwo enyika anoziva zvikwangwani zveShaker uye anobatsira pakupupurira mavambo avo. "Pamusoro peGomo reRebhanoni mukurumbira sekugadzira zvigaro mukati mekupedzisira kwezana remakore rechigumi nemapfumbamwe, kupera kwakarondedzerwa se" acorn "ine chinyorwa chinenge chakanyatsojeka pamutsara wakatsanangurwa," akadaro Sharon Duane Koomler, Curator of Collections paHancock Shaker Village muPittsfield, Mass. Mune imwe nyaya yakabudiswa paIndaneti maererano nechitarisiko chezvigaro zveShaker.
Mukuwedzera kune mitambo yemashure-kumashure, vashandi veShakers vakashandura mafaira aya kuti avashandise zvakanyanya kudarika nguva. Semuenzaniso, dzimwe nguva "tilter" yekutanga yakagadzirwa nemakumbo emakumbo akachekwa pamakona kuitira kuti chigaro chinongotarisa kumashure pamadziro. Izvi zvakagadzikana zvakanyanya apo zvigaro zvakatsigamira shure kumusha kana kumakamuri emasvingo (ona Muenzaniso 1 mufananidzo) kuitira kuti mutadzi ave akafarikana.
Zvigaro zvenguva pfupi zvakagadzirwa nenzira dzinopisa dzakagadzirwa neveNew Lebanon mharaunda yakavakwa muzvigaro kuti zviite kuti zviwedzere kushandiswa kunyange zvazvo kutarisa kwenyika yakaramba iri pachena uye iri nyore.
Zvigaro zvekugadzirisa zvakaitwa neShakers zvinogara muNew Lebanon zvakagara zvichisarudzwa nemagumo emashure, zvakasungwa, uye zvigadziro zvemasango zvinenge zvichitaridzika sematanda ematanda paanoonekwa kubva kumativi. Chimwe chinyorwa chinofadza ndezvekuti zvigaro zvekugurisa zvakashandiswa zvikurukuru nevakwegura uye vanorwara mumhuri kusvikira mushure meAmerican Revolution. Vakuru veNebhanoni Shakers vakaita kuti vashandise mumisha yavo, uye semamwe maitiro avo ehugaro, vakavatengesa kunze kune vamwewo.
Shaker Quality uye Chenjerera kune Detail
Zvigaro zvekusimba zvakange zvichinyanya kufungisisa zvakadzama nezvehuwandu uye hutsika panguva iyo yakawanda yakawanda yakagadzirirwa fenisha yakanga ichigadzirwa. Zvechokwadi zvikave zvakanyatsogadzirirwa zvipfeko zvesheni izvo zvakamira muedzo wenguva. Zvinhu izvi zvekushandiswa zvakashandurwa zvakasimba pachinenge chichireruka kuitira kuti zvikwanise kusungirirwa pamatanda ekuchengetedza kana zvisiri kushandiswa uye kutakurwa nevaShakers, kunyange vana, sezvinodiwa.
Zvinotarisirwa kuti, kusvika kune vaShakers vaive nehanya, ruoko rwekugadzirisa samani yepamusoro harina kureva kuti mamiriyoni emazuva ano haana kushandiswa mukuvakwa kwayo. Maererano neThe Metropolitan Museum of Art webhusaiti, "VaShakers vaigara vachitsvaga maitiro ekuchengetedza kushanda uye zvizhinji zvefenicha yavo yakaitwa nekubatsirwa nemaseresi, maitiro ekufa, uye mhepo yakagadzirwa nemhepo." Zvinoratidzika kuti ndiyo yaiva yekutanga " kushanda zvakanaka, kwete zvakaoma "vashandi, uye nhaka yavo inopfuurira zvinopfuura zana remakore mushure mezvinhu zvakawanda zvezvinhu zvavo zvakatengeswa.