01 ye 05
Ndezvipi Zvinogadzirisa seMidhi-zana Yegirazi?
Ravenna Bowl neSven Palmqvist yeOrrefors, 1960. FreeFormsUSA.com Paiva nemhando dzakasiyana dzegirazi rakaitwa kubva kuma1940 kusvika kumavambo 1970. Izvi zvinowanikwa zvakanyanya kubva Fire King kitchenware kuzodya kioo dinnerware . Asi apo izwi rokuti "Mid-Century girasi" rinouya, inotaura nezvegirazi zvikamu zvakagadzirwa nemakambani mazhinji akasiyana panguva iyi. Iyi mienzaniso yeMid-Century yakagadziriswa inotsanangurwa nemifananidzo yavo yakaumbwa, inogadzirwa nenzira iyo inoratidzira chiedza chezvisikwa kana yakagadzirirwa kushandiswa kwemusha zuva rega kana kuti yakarongeka.
Mazhinji ezvigadzirwa zvegorozi zvemazuva ano zvakagadzirwa nemakambani pasi pose panguva ino akafuridzirwa nemaumbirwo egirasi reScandinavia. Mushure mezvose, makambani aya aive mune bhizinesi kutengesa girazi, uye izvo zvaiwanzofanira kushandura kuisa pfungwa kana kuwedzera mitsetse kuti iwedzere zvakange zviri mumutauro wemugove uye kushandiswa sekunakidzwa kwakachinjwa. Danish-Simba yemazuva ano yakava yakakurumbira, uye izvo zvatinotsanangura seMid-Century mazuva ano zvakagadziriswa mune fenicha yakakonzera chikwata chake, saka imba yekushandisa yakatevera.
Kune zvakawanda zvidimbu zvegadzirwa girazi rakagadzirwa panguva ino iyo isingakwanisi kugoverwa kune mumwe muiti. Ivo vanotsanangurwa seMid-Century nemaitiro avo ose. Zvimwe, zvisinei, zvinyorwa kana zvakanyorwa sezviri kuitwa neveimwe makambani anozivikanwa pamagadzirirwo emagariro edzimba zvemazuva ano.
Ramba uchishandisa iyi slide show kuti uone girazi rakawanda reScandinavia, pamwe neMid-Century zvimedu kubva pamitauro yakawanda yeItaly, American, uye Shona yechiganda nemagadziri.
02 of 05
Scandinavian Mid-Century Glass
Strombergshyttan Vases, c. 1950s. Nharaunda yeDhidzi paCaidid.com Girazi reMidhi-Century rinobva kuScandinavia - nyika dzeDenmark, Norway, neSweden - yakanga yakakurumbira zvikuru zvokuti yakaiswa nemakambani mune dzimwe nzvimbo dzenyika. Mifananidzo yakavezwa, kunyange yezvinhu zvakagadzirirwa kushandiswa kwezuva nezuva zvakange zvakakurumbira muma1950, zvakabata ziso rezvigadziri zvemakumi emakore apfuura sezvavari kuita zvino.
Mavara egirasi yakaitwa nemaFirinavia makambani aiwanzopenya zvishoma kudarika mamwe emagetsi emagetsi eMid-Century, asi izvi hazvirevi kuti nzvimbo iyi haina kuedza kukudziridza mhando dzakasiyana uye mavara akavhenganiswa mugirazi. Inopedza, kubva pamatte uye yakasvibirira kusvika kune yakaputika uye inenge ichida mvura, yaivewo zviratidzo zveglasi reScandinavia rakanaka, uye neSweden inowanzoonekwa sechinhu chikuru chekugadzirwa.
Strombergshyttan mumwe muvakidzani anozivikanwa wegirazi yeMid-Century inobva kuSweden. Izvi zvikamu zvakasiyana uye zvakanaka bhuruu-sirivha kwavari. Kazhinji kirazi yakagadzirwa naGerda naAsta Stromberg, uye ruzhinji rwegirazi rakaitwa neimba ino rakanyorwa seStrombergshyttan kana Stromberg pamwe nekodhi yekubudisa. Iyo kambani yaiva yeimba yeStromberg kusvikira yaitengwa naOrrefors muna 1976.
Orrefors ndechimwe chemashoko makuru muSwedish girazi rinobudisa makore makumi emakore. Midhi yavo yemakore ekumazana emakore yakasanganisira mabhururi emabhanhire, magirasi akasiyana-siyana anovhenekera, uye "girazi rakakoswa" iyo iyo yakajeka yakaiswa mugirazi yakajeka. Kunyange zvazvo Orrefors yakaita gorozi inwaya inowedzera mune mamwe mazwi ane simba, mamwe emidziyo yawo yakakurumbira Mid-Century yakabudiswa mumatoni akazununguka emuorivhi wemaorivhi uye kusvuta grey.
Zvinhu zvakagadzirwa muStlandland zvinopindirana nezvi, kunyange zvazvo zviri chikamu chenyika dzeNordic panzvimbo yeScandinavian zvechokwadi. Kunyange zvakadaro, girazi rinoputika raRaihimäki rinotsvakwa ne '50s uye' 60s mumba inofarira vanofarira. Chimiro chakasiyana-siyana chezvipembenene zvakawanda, zvinowanzovharidzirwa ne-bulges uye indentations kuputsa mutsara wakarurama, zvakachengeta vateveri vakawanda. Zvimwe zveFinnish-mazuva ano makambani egirazi ane zvinotevera.
03 of 05
Italiya Mid-Century Glass
Venini Murano Filigrana Stripes Italian Art Glass Fazzoletto Vases, c. 1950s. Svazzo Arts pa 1stDibs.com Glassware inogadzira inoshamisa muItaly, kunyanya mienzaniso yeVenetian uye yaMurano. Zvimwe zvezvinhu zvakanakisisa uye zvakakurumbira nevatori zvakange zvakabudiswa mumakumi emakore mushure meHondo Yenyika II.
Paolo Venini ndiro zita rinodiwa zvegorozi remazuva ano vanoziva. Basa rake muma1950 rakaona kukurudzirwa kwezvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana mu Murano girazi iyo yakaonekwa nevakawanda. Izvi zvinosanganisira artists vakaita saFulvio Bianconi naCarlo Scarpa avo vakashanda pamwe naye kuti vagadzire zvimwe zvezvikomboti zvidimbu zvidimbu zvakasiyana-siyana mumhando dzakasiyana-siyana nemafomu.
Zvirongwa zveAureliano Toso naDamart Martens, avo vakadzidziswa semufananidzo, uye vanoita kuti vatori vemagetsi emazuva ano vave magetsi. Akashanda nekambani inotanga muna 1939. Zvimwe zvezvigadzirwa zvake zvinopindirana neizvipi zvegorozi vateveri vanowanzofunga kana girazi reVenetian rinouya mupfungwa, dzakadai seLatticino zvidimbu zvine mhangura ine aventurine swirls, asi dzimwe dzisina kufanana nhasi uye itsva.
Paiva nemamwe magirazi makuru eItalia kusanganisira Fontana Arte, uyo akaberekerwa neFrench Max Ingrand akatungamira uye akakura muma 1950. "Akaunza zvakasimba kushandiswa kwekunzwisisa uye kushandiswa kwemavara kuburikidza nekugona kwake maitiro ekugadzirwa kweganda rakajeka girazi. Muzvisikwa zvake zvose anonzwa mumwe munhu akagadzira zvigadziriswe neanorodynamic modernism yemashure-hondo," maererano www.Christies.com.
04 of 05
American Mid-Century Glass
Mienzaniso mitatu ye Higgins Studio Glass, c. 1950s. PolishedModern.com Zvivako zvegorozi muUnited States zvakabudisa rimwe girazi rinofadza Mid-Century. Imwe yemakambani ekuAmerica ari kumusha ane chekutevera inotevera ndiyo Higgins.
Kusiyana nedzimwe dzimba dzakawanda dzegorozi dzine mbiri yakareba yakawanda, The Higgins Studio yakatanga kuvhurwa muna 1948. Vakaisa "zvishamiso zvemazuva ano negirazi rezuva nezuva" mukudengesa kwavo, vachiendesa mberi Mid-Century zvakanaka kuti michina yegirazi inogona kufara pairi kushandiswa. Zvidimbu zvavo zvakashandiswa kuburikidza nekunyengedza uye kushandiswa kwemaitiro zvakagadzira izvo higginsglass.com inoreva se "girazi sandwich." Michael naFrances Higgins vakatanga bhizinesi muimba yavo yeChicago, uye vakazobatana neDearborn Glass Company yeChicago muna 1957 kuenda kune imwe studio. Kubatana kwakasununguka kwakavabatsira kuti vakurudzire ruzivo rwakakwana rwe "Higginsware." Izvi zvinosanganisira Rondelays, iyo inoshandisa girazi dzakatenderera uye zvikwereti zvakaiswa pamwe chete (uye zvichiri kuitwa nhasi) kune zvakasiyana-siyana zvekushanda sevanoparadzanisa nzvimbo uye mapoka.
Blenko girazi irowo zita vanounganidza vanoziva kuti vanobudisa mavara egirazi mukati megore. Vakagadziri vekambani muma1950 uye '60s, kufanana naWayne Husted naJoel Philip Myers, vakavabatsira kuti vakure migwagwa yakasiyana-siyana inozivikanwa kuti inorumbidzwa Mid-Century mazuva ano. Vakagadzira mabhuku makuru, akadzikisa, uye zvipembenene zvakasiyana-siyana pakati pezvimwe zvikamu zveglasiware. Sarudza zvidimbu zvakanamatirwa mugirazi zvinoratidza kuti dzakagadzirwa naBlenko, asi vazhinji vaiva nesimboti yemapuranga yakaiswa pavakanga vatsva. Kudzidza kubvuma Blenko's mazano uye mavara akajeka anobatsira pakuziva zvidimbu zvisingazivikanwi.
Dzimwe makambani anozivikanwa seHeisey akaitawo kuchinjwa mumabhuku avo kuti aise maitiro anokonzerwa nemazuva ano. Iko kambani yakatora Eva Zeisel semutungamiriri wayo wezvakagadzirwa kutanga kwema1950. Zvirongwa zvake zvakakunda mibayiro yakawanda, asi hazvina kutongotengesa zvakanaka saka zvakaoma kuwana nhasi.
05 of 05
Shona Mid-Century Glass
Whitefriars Banjo Vase muTangerine Muvara, c. 1967. Circa Collectibles pa 1stDibs.com Apo England inogona kunge isingauyi mupfungwa pakutanga apo hurukuro yeMirasi yeMid-Century inouya, zvikamu zvakagadzirwa muma1950 uye '60 ne Whitefriars zvakakodzerwa kuziva munzvimbo ino. Zvimwe zvezvikamu zvavo zvakakurumbira nemafolisi ezvezuva ano zvinosanganisira Textured line yakatangwa muna 1967.
Zvisikwa izvi zvakashandiswa kushandiswa kwezvinhu zvisingaenderani - misumari, zvinyorwa zvehuni mabheta, uye zvakadai - kuumba mavara akawanikwa mugirazi. Imwe yemakambani anonyanya kufarirwa nevekambani nevashambadzi vemazuva ano, Banjo vase, inoratidzwa pano. Achiri kutsvaga tsika dzeScandinavia, rutsva-rwakatarisa runonzi Glacier rwakatangwawo muna 1972.