Kiln Types by Construction
Kilns inonyanya midziyo yekupisa. Mune maitiro akasiyana-siyana, izvi hazvizovi chinhu kunze kwegomba kana gomba rakakumbirwa panyika. Nhasi, kune marudzi akasiyana-siyana eikilns. Heano nheyo kune imwe yemhando dzinowanzoshandiswa pakubatanidzwa uye zvigadzirwa zveceramic .
01 ye 09
Periodic Kilns
Tisati tasvika mune zvakananga, tinofanira kutanga taona kuti pane maviri emhando dzemhando dzekilns iyo dzimwe dzose dzinowira mukati. Iyi miviri miviri mikuru inopfuurira (tunnel) kilns uye periodic (intermittent) kilns.
Kuenderera mberi kilns nguva dzose kunopisa; havatonhori. Nyaya yekudzingwa inotengeswa mumotokari uye zvishoma nezvishoma inopinda mumoto kunzira kana teresi. Mushure mokutonhora, motokari-ichifamba-famba inodonhedzwa uye inotorwazve zvakare kuti itange dunhu zvakare. Aya maikilns anoshandiswa mumhizha.
Pilodic kilns ndiyo iyo inonyanyozivikanwa kuvavumbi. Vanodzingwa purogiramu yapakati; iyo kilns inotakurwa, inounzwa kutonhorera, yakonhorera, uye inotunurwa. Iroo harisi kupisa nguva yose.
Pasi pane mamwe marudzi emakirini emu periodic anoshandiswa nevaturters.
02 of 09
Updraft Kilns
Mhepo inofamba ichikwira kumusoro kuburikidza nechitsime munzvimbo munzvimbo ye updraft. Nemhaka yokuti mhepo inofamba nokukurumidza kuburikidza nemoto, updraft kilns haisi mafuta akawanda kudarika downdraft kilns. Iko inogonawo kunge inofanira kupisa uye inotonhorera mumoto. Beth E Peterson Updraft kilns ndiyo iyo iyo murazvo inoiswa muzasi kwehuni, pazasi kana pasi pezasi, uye yakaneta kunze. Updraft kilns inosanganisira zvitatu zvinonyanya kukosha: bhokisi remoto, damper, uye nzvimbo yakawanda.
Bhokisi remoto ndiro umo murazvo unopinda. Damper iri pamusoro pehuni uye inodzora kuneta (uye nesangano, mumhepo yemhepo). Nzvimbo yakakonzerwa ndiyo iyo pate inogadzirirwa uye iri pakati pebhokisi remoto uye damper.
Kunyange zvazvo updraft yakawanda isingasviki mafuta zvakanyanya kudarika huni ye downdraft, yakawanda inotengeswa mafuta-burning kilns ndiyo updrafts. Izvi zvinonyanya kukosha nokuda kwekuita kwavo nyore, kuvaka, uye kutakura.
03 of 09
Downdraft Kilns
Mhepo inofamba ichienda kune imwe yakawanda pane imwe downdraft, inowedzera mafuta uye zvimwe zvinotonhora munzvimbo yose iyo inopisa moto. Beth E Peterson Downdraft kilns yakagadzirirwa kumanikidza murazvo uye mhepo inopisa kuti ipararire mumoto. Moto unotungidzirwa pazasi kwehuni uye inowanzofamba ichikwira kumusoro. Imba inoita kuti murazvo udzoke shure, kuti unopera pazasi kwechoto.
Downdraft kilns inosanganisira zvikamu zvina zvikuru: iyo moto, nzvimbo yakawanda, damper, uye chimbuzi. Kuwedzerwa kwechimbuzi kunobatsira kugadzira kutevedza, kana kutenderera kwemhepo.
Kutora arch downdraft kilns ndiyo inowanzove yakagadzirwa nemhando yehuni muUnited States.
04 of 09
Sprung Arch Kilns
Muchikwata chemashure, simba rekugadzirisa rinotungamirirwa kunze, sezvinoratidzwa nemiseve iri mumufananidzo. Kubuda masvingo hakugoni kunyatsozviriritira pasi pekunetseka kwekilns kunowanikwa panguva yekufambisa uye kunotonhora. Beth E Peterson Izwi rokuti "rakasimuka" rinoreva denga reimba. Icho chivakwa chinogadzirwa uchishandisa fomu; kana wapedza, fomu yacho inobviswa uye iyo arch ichagara munzvimbo isina kubatsirana mukati.
Kutarisa mashizha, zvisinei, zvinodzinga ure kunze. Pamusana pekunetseka uku kwekunze, zvakagadzirwa nemagetsi emapuranga zvakagadzirwa nechende yesimbi kuti vatsigire danda uye kuderedza chero kufamba kwemoto kunoshandiswa kuvaka huni.
Kutora arch kilns kunogona kushandiswa seve updraft kana downdraft kilns.
05 of 09
Catenary Arch Kilns
Sezvo miseve iri pamufananidzo ichiratidza, chimiro chechidzitiro chinotungamirira kukanganisa kunokonzerwa nekukwirira kunomira pasi kunenge kune imwe nzira yakatarisa. Ndicho chimiro chinobvumira bhokisi rekare, rakambovakwa, kuti rizviriritire. Beth E Peterson Catenary arches, yakambovakwa, iri kuzvitsigira. Icho chinyorwa pachacho chiri chepamusoro-shanduka chechivharo chinobudiswa apo tambo yakakura kana ketani yakanamirwa kubva kumatanho maviri pane imwe chete yakananga ndege. Kufanana nemasvingo akasiyana-siyana, mabhedha emagetsi anofanirwa kutsigirwa nechimiro pavanenge vachivakwa.
Nzvimbo dzemakungwa kilns kazhinji dzakanaka kwazvo; iyo inofadza mafomu. Zvisinei, mukati maro hazvikweretesi kushandiswa kwakanaka kwepakati munzvimbo yakaderera. Kungofanana nekukwira kwekiki kilns, chinyorwa chekare chinogona kunge chine updraft kana downdraft mairi, zvichienderana nemhepo uye murazvo zvinopinda sei mumoto.
06 of 09
Hill-Kupenya Kilns
Nzira dzakawanda dzegomo-kukwira makirini dzinoshandisa mabheji emagetsi mumagariro avo. Chiratidzo chaicho, zvisinei, ndechokuti idzi kilns dzinovakwa pamatope. Nzvimbo yacho pachayo inoshanda sechigadziko chechisikigo, zvichiita kuti moto utore.
Chambered makomo-kukwira kilns kazhinji anowedzera downdraft mumutauro. Gomo-kukwira kilns iyo imwe kamuri yakareba kakawanda iri pedyo ne updraft air-flow pattern.
Mienzaniso yezvikomo zvekukwira makomo inosanganisira makirini ekare akavakwa muBrithani panguva yekugara kweRoma uye vanazita kilns avo vari kuwana rumutsiriro kuJapan uye kune dzimwewo nzvimbo.
07 of 09
Bhokisi Kilns
Bhowa kilns uye hama dzavo dzepedyo, makirivha embeu, kazhinji hazvizivikanwi. Vanhu vazhinji vanoshandisa mazwi aya nenzira yakasiyana, kunyange zvazvo maitiro ekukwekweka nyuchi asina mafuta kumusoro, asi bhenji rinowedzera chipfuva chidiki.
Aya maikilns akaumbwa mumutsetse wechirungu, dome, kana bhodhoro. Iyo inowanzovakwa pamusoro kana kubuda kubva kumadziro akadzika, apo bhokisi remoto riripo. Izvo zvinonzi updraft kilns uye panguva ye Industrial Age zvaiwanzopiswa nemalahle. Mafuta akawanda emabhodeni achiri kushandiswa mazuva ano anoshandiswa mumakambani, asi anoita seasina kunyangarika sezvinoramba zvichiri kuwanda.
08 of 09
Car Kilns
Kungofanana nemotokari inoshandiswa kutakura nemashandisirwo emakirini anoenderera mberi, iyo yakave yakashandurwa kuti ishandiswe kweirivha yenguva dzinoshandiswa nevhuta. Gara pamugwagwa kana pamakumbo, motokari inzvimbo yechipfeko iyo yakaiswa mukutenga.
Urongwa uhwu hunobvumira motokari kuti ibudiswe kubva mumuviri mukuru wemoto. Rimwechete rinotakurwa uye rinomanikidzwa kumashure panzvimbo, rinoumba pasi uye rumwe rutivi rwechoto zvachose. Kusiyana nemotokari iri mumoto unoenderera mberi, motokari yenguva yema periodic ndiyo chikamu chinokosha chemoto pachayo.
09 of 09
Top-Hat Kilns
Kazhinji zviduku, pamusoro-huni kilns yakavakwa muzvikamu zviviri: nheyo isina kusimba iyo inosanganisira bhokisi remoto, uye chikamu chinotapudzwa. Izvo zvakasungirirwa pazvigaro zvakasununguka, ipapo musoro unonyatsoiswa pamusoro pezvose kuti upedze huni. Mushure mekuputika, kumusoro kuchasimudzwa kubva pachigadziko kuitira kuti zvinhu zvigone kubudiswa.
Musoro wehuni unogona kusimudzwa nekubata, asi bedzi kana udiki uye uine chiedza. Kana zvisina kudaro, kumusoro kunogona kusimudzwa nehurani yeplley kana yevhisi uye zvidzitiro.
Nokuda kwekuzara kwakakwana kwehuni-huno hunopa hura, vanogona kuita makiruneni akanaka e raku. Kukurukurwa kunofanira kupiwa, zvisinei, kune chokwadi chokuti kumusoro kunenge kusina kupisa. Inoda nzvimbo yekuzorora zvakachengeteka mushure mekubviswa kubva pachigadziko.