Nzira Yake Yakaerekana Yakavhiringidzika paZvivako neMabasa Movement
Elbert Hubbard akaita chiratidzo chake somunyori wemuAmerica, munyori, uye mudzidzisi. Akanga ariwo mubhizinesi, uye anozivikanwa zvikuru nekuda kwesimba rake muAmerican Arts and Crafts movement . Chinonyanya kufadza pamusoro pesimba iroro, zvisinei, ndechokuti chakanga chiri chaicho chakaipisisa kupfuura kuona.
Asati atombofungidzira kuti akazobudirira gare gare, Hubbard aiva munyori wepepanhau rekuzvipira.
Akabva apinda mubasa rakakosha mune sesepa kushandiswa kushandira mukoma wake, John Durrant Larkin, muBuffalo, New York. Akatungamira zvakare urongwa hwekutengesa hwakatungamirira kuBuffalo Pottery , zvinonakidza zvakakwana. Akasimuka kubva mubhizinesi reSpain muna 1892, uye akasarudza kuenda kune dzimwe nyika.
Paakadzoka kubva parwendo rwake, Hubbard akafuridzirwa kuti aparidze zvimwe zvaakanyora kubva pane zvakaitika kwaari. Nenzira yakanaka kwaari, akawana kuti vaparidzi muUnited States vakanga vasingadi kufarira kudhinda zvinyorwa zvake. Akasimuka kuti abudirire kufungidzira pfungwa dzake oga.
Hubbard akagadzira Roycroft Press muna 1893 kuti adhindise mabhuku ake okutanga, Little Journeys . Kuedza kwake kwakasangana nekugamuchirwa kwakanaka kwakadaro zvokuti nokukurumidza akave akakurumbira semunyori. Sezvo pepa rake rekudhinda rakakura uye rakatanga kukura, vashanyi vakaputika mumapoka kuEast Aurora, New York kunosangana naye. Kuti asangane nechikumbiro, imba yevaeni yakavhurwa kuti ipe nzvimbo yekugara kune vatashanyi.
Pasinei nezvinodiwa, Hubbard aiva nemhizha munzvimbo iyoyo akaita samani yekushandisa muhotera idzva. Apo vashandi vakayemura zvidimbu uye vaida kuzvitenga, imwe pfungwa yeimwe bhizinesi yakabhururuka uye ndizvo zvakaitawo mharaunda yakazozivikanwa saRoycrofters.
Kuvhura Roycroft Shops
Hubbard akazarura maRockcroft Shops muna 1895, uye boka revanhu vane tarenda raivepa zvinhu kwavari rakawedzera zvinyararire kune vashandi vanopfuura 500 ne1910, maererano naRoycrofters.com.
Aya masangano akaitwa nevanhu vomunharaunda akawana kubudirira kukuru mumakore mashanu anotevera achiita zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zvinosanganisira midziyo, zvishongo, zvigadzirwa zveganda, uye zvinhu zvakanaka zvemhangura zvakadai semiti inki nemwenje.
"Ruzhinji rweRoycroft rwakanga rwuri kuputira muEngland yeEngland, neGothic neTudor maitiro ematombo uye dutu guru. Roycroft yakanga yakasikwa naHubbard, asi yakanga isingagadziri pamusoro pemaonero makuru ekugadzirisa hurumende kana mazano ekugadzira; panzvimbo pacho, yakagadzirwa nehuwandu hwemafaro akavakirwa nebhizimisi raHubbard's acumen, "maererano naElbert Hubbard: An American Original , chinyatsokosha chekuona PBS documentary.
Kunyange zvazvo yaiva iyo mamiriro ezvinhu akashamisika akazoita kuti abudirire zvikuru, izvo hazvirevi kuti Hubbard haana kutungamirirwa neHarare & Crafts movement sezvo maRoycrofters akaumbwa. Akasangana naWilliam Morris, uyo akanyora The Art of the People iyo yakatanga kupisa Gwaro reBhizimisi & Crafts muGreat Britain, panguva yechipfuva chake chekusiya basa. Akanga asina mubvunzo akatungamirirwa naMorris's Kelmscott Press vasati vasangana nehukama hwake hwepamusoro paaidzokera kumusha. Zvigadzirwa zveRoycrofters zvinotengeswa zvinoratidzira zvinopesana nehupfumi hwezvokugadzira zvakagadziridzwa muChipi & Crafts zvinangwa zvakare.
Hazvisi zvisinganzwisisiki kuti midziyo uye zvigadzirwa zvakagadzirwa nemunharaunda zvakanyatsoratidza Mishinari, inozivikanwawo seChandani, chimiro.
Roycroft Inoenderera mberi
Hubbard akashungurudzika akarasikirwa nehupenyu hwake mukudonhera kwevanhu vakaipa vaifambisa ngarava yeBritain muLusitania muna 1915 munguva yeHondo Yenyika I, asi mishonga yakawanda yaaifambisa yakararama paisanganisira Bhumbalo Pottery uye Roycroft zvinhu. Kutaura zvazviri, mwanakomana wake Bert akawedzera kuparadzirwa kweRoycroft michina uye akachengetedza bhizimisi iripo kusvika muna 1938 apo kuchinja kudikanwa kweAmerica uye kudaira kwakaguma kwaita kuti varare.
Nhasi vateresi vanotsvaka Roycroft zvigadzirwa kwete kwete chete kubata kwezita racho, asi nokuda kwehutano hwavo hwakanakisisa uye hwakanakisisa mukugadzira muArt & Crafts tradition. Simba uye zvinhu zvekushongedza, kusanganisira matavi emhangura anodikanwa, akaitwa neveHubbard munharaunda anoremekedzwa zvakanyanya sezvakaitwa mudura raG Gustav Stickley rinoshanda panguva imwe chete.