Chii chinonzi Sheldon Scale Coin Grading?
Mhinduro: Sheldon Scale ndiyo nhamba yemakumi manomwe yekuisa mari, yakagadzirwa naDhiyabhorosi William Sheldon muna 1949. Chimiro cheSheldon Scale chakashandurwa zvishoma nezvishoma chave chikafu chekuisa mari dzekuAmerica nhasi, uye inoshandiswa nevakuru chikamu chechitatu chekugovera maitirwo ekupa chikamu kune mari. The adjectival grading system ndiyo yakagadzirirwa kusvika kune 70-point grading scale, uye mazwi anogadziriswa achiri kushandiswa kubatsira kusimbisa nhamba yakaenzana.
Izvi zvinotevera zviyero Sheldon nhamba uye tsanangudzo:
Murombo-1 kana P-1 (Mashoma)
Rudzi rwemari haruoneki, asi zvimwe zvishoma, nemhaka yekuti mari yacho yakashata zvakanyanya kana yakasakara.
Yakanaka-2 kana FR-2 (Yakanaka)
Nyaya uye zuva hazvisi kuoneka, asi zvisinei kana mari yacho yakanganisa kana yakanyanya kupfeka.
AG-3 (Nezvakanaka)
Tsika uye zuva zvinonzwisisika, kunyange dzimwe nzvimbo dzinogona kupera. Mamwe matsamba anofanira kuonekwa, kana asingadi kuverengwa.
G-4 (Zvakanaka)
Maitiro makuru uye maitiro anooneka sezvinyorwa. kunyange zvazvo mari yacho yose yakazara kwazvo.
G-6 (Zvakanaka-pamwe)
Mari yakazara rim rizere pamwe nemakona makuru uye zvinhu zvinonyatsotsanangurwa. Heavy wear.
VG-8 (Yakanaka kwazvo)
Chizere chakakwana nemichina yakanzwisisika uye zvinhu. Nhoroondo dzakawanda dzinogona kuverengwa zvakajeka, asi mari yose yakaramba ichineta.
F-12 (Zvakanaka)
Kusiyanisa ruzivo, nhoroondo dzose dzinoverengwa, zviyero zvakajeka zvinoratidza zvimwe tsanangudzo, asi mari yose yakawanda, asi yakafanana yakazara.
VF-20 (Very Fine)
Zvinyorwa zvakajeka asi zvisingatauri zvirevo zvakasakara, zvigadzirwa zvinoratidza tsanangudzo yakanaka, marimu akachena, asi mari yose inoratidza kuenzanisira kupfeka pamatunhu akakwirira uye zvishomanana kupfeka pasi apa.
VF-30 (Yakanaka Zvakanaka Kwazvo)
Nhoroondo dzinonzwisisika, zvigadziri zvinoratidza zvose zvisinganyanyi kupfeka; nheyo dzepamusoro dzisina kupfeka.
EF-40 kana XF-40 (Zvakanyanya Zvakanaka)
Nheyo dzakapinza, zvishandiso zvakajeka uye zvishoma asi zvakasununguka kupfeka pamatunhu akakwirira.
EF-45 kana XF-45 (Kusarudza Zvakanyanya Zvakanaka)
Nzira uye maitiro akajeka uye akajeka, ane zvishoma kupfeka pamatunhu akakwirira, uye kukudzwa kweziso guru.
AU-50 (Nezvisina Kurongwa)
Nhoroondo dzakakosha uye zvigadziri zvinongoratidzira mutsara wekupfeka pamakona akakwirira. Panofanira kunge kune zvimwe zvinosara zvitsva.
AU-55 (Zvakanaka Nezvisina Kukwana)
Nhoroondo dzakakosha uye zvigadziri zvinoratidza kungova kupfeka pamatunhu akakwirira. Kuramba mint luster inofanira kuva inenge hafu; kukumbira kweziso guru.
AU-58 (Chisarudzo Pamusoro Pisina Kurongeka)
Chinenge chisina kudzivirirwa, kunze kwekuti zviduku zvipfeke pamakona akakwirira. Vanenge vese mint luster inofanira kuvapo, uye inofanira kuva nechishuwo cheziso chepamusoro.
MS-60 kune MS-70 (Mint State Basal)
Mari yemukirayi ino hairatidzi zviratidzo zvekupfeka kubva mumakwikwi, asi ivo vakaipa, vakatsinhanisa, vane- bag-mark , vane-ill-toned specimens, asi ivo vari mu mint mamiriro uye vasina rusununguko rwenhe!
Matanho kubva ku MS-60 kusvika kune MS-70 , pamwe neChipupuriro cheMuporofita, zvose zvinonyanya kutarisana nechikumbiro cheziso, unhu hwekutsvaira uye / kana kutengesa , uye kuvapo kana kusavapo kwemashamba ekubatanidza, mapurisa, nezvimwewo Mari dzose MS -60 uye kumusoro ndeyeMint State mari. Zvakakodzera kucherechedza kuti uchapupu hausi girasi, asi rudzi rwemari.
Nei Mazano 70 Pane Mazana 100?
Dr Sheldon akasika maitiro ake zvichienderana nekutsvakurudza kwaakaita kuti aenzanise mutengo wemari kune rimwe gorosi.
Sezvo akaunganidza ruzivo urwu pahafu yesenti uye mashoma makuru akagumisa kuti paavhareji mari isina kubhadharwa (MS-70) inotengeswa kanopfuura makumi matanhatu kupfuura mari yaisingazivikanwi (Mashoma-1). Zvinosuruvarisa, izvi hazvina kuchengetedza zvese zvehafu cents uye masendi makuru. Uyezve, pakanga pane kuchinja kwakasiyana nemamwe marudzi emari kunze kwehafu yehafu masentimita.
Kunyange zvakadaro, pfungwa yacho yaiva yekuchinja uye yakanyatsotora pakati pemakore ekuma1980 nekuuya kwemasangano ekubatisa mapato . IW Whitman yakabudisa kambani yakatanga kusangana neAmerican Numismatic Association (ANA) muna 1977 kuti ibatsire kuunza maitiro kumari yekusvitsa maitiro ekusaitira uye asingasayenzi emari yekuisa mari. Pfungwa yebhuku iri yakatanga muna 1973 apo Virginia Culver, purezidhendi weAmerican Numismatic Association akatanga chirongwa chekugadzirisa dambudziko rekunyora.
Pamberi pebhuku rino, kwaiva nemitemo yakasiyana-siyana yekutsanangura mari yakawanda sekunge kune mari yevatengesi. Pasi pekutungamirirwa naKenneth E. Bressett neshamwari yake Neil Schaefer, nemipiro kubva kuna Q. David Bowers, kubhadhara mari kwakaunzwa kune imwe nzira yekusagadzikana.
Yakarongedzwa na: James Bucki