Mhemberero Yakakosha Inopfuura Kuve Nechinangwa Chine
Kuchengetedza ndiyo chiyero chemafaro pakati pemigwagwa iri munzira chaiye kana yefasi yepamigwagwa. Nhamba yepamusoro ndiyo yakawanda inogamuchirwa tareji yakashandiswa mumigwagwa yakawanda yakasiyana kana yomufaro. Chinangwa chemujiro wakaenzana ndechokubvumira injini imwechete uye motokari kuti dzishande pamiganhu yakawanda.
Real-world standard gauge is 1,435 millimeters (4 ft 8 1/2 mu). Kurongedza kunoita kuti zvive nyore kugadzira kure-kure-kure--miganhu inotenderera iri pakati penyika dzakasiyana kana nyika.
Yokutanga yejiji yejiji railways yakasikwa muBritain muma1860. Zvikamu uye motokari kubva mumiganhu iyi zvakatengeswa kuUnited States, kuitira kuti mitsara yemigwagwa yeAmerica, zvakare, inomhanya pajiji yakatarwa.
Sei chiyero chejiji chechikepe chakareba mamita masendimita masere pakureba? Zvikonzero hazvisi pachena zvakajeka. Vamwe vanoti hupamhi hunomiririra huwandu hwegorosi reRoma, asi vamwe vanoratidza kuti inogona kunge yakawanda huwandu hwekutakura mabhiza. Chero zvikonzero zvipi, huwandu hwakaramba huripo: nhasi, inenge 55% yemigwagwa yezvitima pasi pose yakavakirwa kuenzanisire.
Muenzaniso Wokudzidzisa Maitiro
Yakawanda mienzaniso yezviyero zvezvitima zvakare yakavakwa kuti ienderane nejairo yakafanana iyo inenge inofungidzira kuyerwa kwemazinga.
G goroji maitiro anoshandisa chiyero chinowirirana asi ari chaiyo yakasiyana kusiyanisa icho chiyekwe kana chese. Iyi mikuru yakawanda chaizvo inodzidziswa yakashandiswa kushandiswa mubindu rekurima.
HO vanodzidzisa, ikozvino pakati pezvinonyanya kuzivikanwa zviripo, vane girasi yepamusoro ye 16,5 mm uye chiyero che1:87.
S gauge, pachiyero che1:64, iri duku kudarika HO. Yakawanda O mijinga mikuru yakasarudzwa 1 1/4 inches kana 32 mm, asi chiyero chinogona kusiyana kubva kune dzimwe nyika.
Terei dzinomhanya munzira uye dzakawanda kudarika 56.5 "dzinonzi dzakafara kana dzakapeteredzwa maitiro.
Izvozviwo zvinongororwa mumativi ose. Kana iri mienzaniso yezvitima, gorosi rakamanikidzwa rinoratidzwa netsamba "n" mushure mechiyero, inoteverwa nenhamba inoratidza chiyero. "On3" ingadai iri 3 'goroji rakanyanya mu O mienzaniso somuenzaniso.
Lionel Standard Gauge
Nekatevedzeri chezvitima, chirongwa chemazinga chinogonawo kutarisa uwandu hwezvitima zvekufananidzira zvakabudiswa naJoshua Lionel Cowen (Lionel) kubva muna 1906 kusvika muna 1937. Zvitima izvi zvaive zvishoma kudarika ma O teresi dzakawanda dzaivasimudza nenhamba chaiyo yepamusoro 2 2 / 8 ". Lionel akatanga kubudisa O mizinga yezvikwata, nekaji ye 1 1/4", muna 1915.
Kamwe, iyo Lionel yakaenzana yejeri yepamusoro yakaiswa pamusika, yakakurumidza kubata. Munguva pfupi, yakange iri kunze kwevakwikwidzana. Zviduku uye zviri nyore kubudisa kune mamwe maitiro akafanana akadaro pamusika, kuenzanisa kweLionel's yakave yakakurumbira kune vamwe vanogadzira. Sezvo teresi dzikava nyore nyore kuwanika, dzakava dzakakurumbira.
Muna 1937, kambani yeLionel yakatanga kuita yakanyatsorongeka mienzaniso yezvitima chaiye - uye iyo yaimbova yakakurumbira yeji yepamusoro yakagumiswa. Nhasi, idzi dzepakutanga dzimba dzepamusoro dzezvitima dzinowanikwa uye dzinogona kuunza mari yakawanda mumamiriro akanaka. Zvinyorwa zvakare zvakaitwa nemakambani akawanda.