Popular Art Nouveau Glassware
Loetz, anonyanya kutaurwa zvakadai seLoetz Witwe, anozivikanwa kuva mumwe wevanyori vanonyanya kuwanda muEurope girazi yegirazi. Yakatangwa mune izvo zvino zvinozivikanwa seCzech Republic, iyi imba yepamusoro yegirazi yeBhohemian yakakonzerwa nemidziyo yakawanda panguva yayo yakabudirira nguva. Cameo girazi naLoetz ndiyo yakaoma kuwana, asi sirivha yakaputika yakauya zvidimbu muArt Nouveau maitiro ndiyo izvo mamwe magirazi egirazi nevatori vanofunga kuti iri basa rakanakisisa kupfuura iro.
Imwe Nhoroondo Yepakutanga
Nhoroondo yekutanga yegirazi iyi yegirazi yakavakwa muna 1836 inoti inoshandura maoko kakawanda, maererano naLoetz.com. Izvozvo zvakaguma muhuyo hwaSusanne Loetz, chirikadzi ( Witwe muGermany) wegadzira girazi pamusoro pezvishoma zviduku zvinozivikanwa. Akava muridzi wega muna 1855 apo murume wake wechipiri akapa umwene kwaari asati afa. Susanne Loetz akatarisira bhizinesi rainzi Johann Loetz Witwe, akatumidzwa nemurume wake wekutanga, kwemakore makumi maviri anotevera. Pfinikiti yakagadzirwa kunyanya kristal, sirivha yakafukidzwa, uye yakagadzirwa girazi panguva iyoyo.
Bhizimisi racho rakaendeswazve muna 1879 kuna mukwambo waRoetz Maximilian von Spaun. Akashanda naEduard Prochaska kuti vauye nefekitari kuti iwedzere uye vakagadzirisa maitiro matsva nemagadzirirwo, mamwe acho aiva nepamutemo. Dare racho rakaona kubudirira pamakaratidziro muBelgium, Germany, uye Austria uyewo kugamuchira kubvumirana paParis World's Exposition muna 1889.
Early Loetz girazi haisi kufanana nevevatori vemazuva ano semashure avo eArt Nouveau mafambiro, asi kambani iyi yaizivikanwa kare kare nokuda kwekambani inonzi Marmoriertes. Iri girazi rinoratidzira ruvara rutsvuku, ruvara, kana ruvara pamusoro pezvinhu zvakadai sezvipukisi nemabhodhoro, sezvakataurwa paCollectorsWeekly.com. Imwe nguva yekupedzisira-1880s inyanzvi yaiva yeColpus glass yekambani yakachena yelicliclic on dark, mazhenje emakona akafungidzirwa kuti akafanana nezvisikwa zvegungwa izvo zvinogadzirwa zita racho.
Loetz Iridescent Glass
Mukupera kwemakore ekuma1800, von Spaun akafuridzirwa negirazi raLouis Comfort Tiffany 's Favrile sezvakangoitawo mamwe mavara emagetsi eArt Nouveau panguva iyoyo. Loetz Witwe akaisa maitiro akafanana egirazi iripo pamusoro pemakore masere anotevera achipinda mu "yakawanda nguva inonyanya kukosha uye inobatsira munhoroondo yose yekambani," inobata Loetz.com.
Prochaska akashanda girazi rake richiita unyanzvi hwekambani asi von Spaun akaisa pfungwa pamabhizimisi, uye pamwe chete vakawana hukuru. Chimwe chekufamba kwavo kwakanaka kwaiva kushamwaridzana nevanozivikanwa vogadziri vanoita nguva nenguva. Kambani yekodzero yemapentent iri iripo Phänomen (kurondedzera rudzi rwakasiyana rwemhando yakasiyana yeLoetz nemagetsi akazara kana feather) yakagadzirwa naFranz Hofstätter yakakunda mubayiro mukuru paParis World's Exposition muna 1900 pamwe chete naTiffany, Gallé , uye Daum, pakati pevamwe magadziriji. Iyo kambani yakagadzirirwawo mabasa evamwe vachiwedzera kukura kwebhizimisi, uye akawana zvizhinji kurumbidzwa paSt. Louis's World Fair muna 1904.
Cameo uye Opal Glass - Zvishoma, Zvishoma Nokupedzisira
Kuzivikanwa kwetsika dzeArt Nouveau uye girazi iripo yakawanda yakatanga kuenderera mberi kusvika panguva yeHondo Yenyika I, panguva imwe chete naPreunun akaendesa bhizinesi reLoetz Witwe kumwanakomana wake Maximillian.
Muduku von Spaun akanga asiri akachenjera mukutarisa simbi sababa vake. Pasinei nekuwedzerwa kubatana pamwe nevasungiri vomuVienna uye vakagadza Adolf Beckert semukuru wemhizha mutsva muna 1909, girazi rakaisvonaka rakagadzirwa neCameo rakagadzirwa panguva ino rakanga risina kukwana kuchengetedza bhizinesi rega. Kambani yakaratidza kubhadhara muna 1911 uye kushungurudzika kwemari kubva kumhuri yeVas Spaun kwakatevera. Beckert, uyo akashanda muCameo girazi, akasiyira muna 1913 achibata firati inoshandura imwe furo. Moto wakatevera uye kutanga kweHondo Yenyika I muna 1914 kwakakonzerawo bhizinesi risina kunaka.
Post Post Hondo Yenyika I yakashambadza yakaisanganisira opal girazi, iyo yakave yakakurumbira. Asi kugadziriswa kwefekitari muna 1920 kwakatungamirira kune kushushikana kwezvemari. Nekusava nehanya kwechokwadi mumashoko eArt Deco mukudzingwa nevatengi panguva iyoyo, uye kuisa pfungwa pazvinhu zvakaderera zvekutengeserana, kutengesa kwakaramba kuri kunonoka.
Mamwe moto, Kukuru Kwekudarika, uyezve kuchinja kwehupfumi kwakatungamirira kukanganisa zvakare. Ferikeri yakavhara zvachose muna 1947 mushure mekushandiswa kuita magirisiki eusitarian yeTatu Reich muHondo Yenyika II, sezvakataurwa pana Loetz.com.
Waiva Wose Loetz Glass Yakaratidzwa Here?
Hasi girasi rose rakasiya muchina weLoetz rakange rakataridzwa uye, chaizvoizvo, zvikamu zvisingaenzaniswi zviripo dzimwe nguva zvinopesana neTiffany girazi. Avo vanonyatsoziva muArt Nouveau magirazi ejira vanoziva nzira yokusiyanisa zvidimbu zvisingaoneki zveLoetz nekucherechedza mavara, makumbo emagadziro uye nzira iyo pontil (inoratidza girazi rinoputika ) yakaputirwa pasi, sezvo Loetz pontils inowanzodya vazhinji the base.
Chinyorwa cheLoetz chinonyanya kutaurwa mumabhuku anotsanangurwa ndeokuti "Loetz Austria," iyo yakanga yakasiyana nemichina-yakanyorwa muzvidimbu. Dzimwe nguva Loetz zvaitengeswa zvaizoratidzwa mavambo akanangana nomunyori akabudisa zvikamu. Zvimwe zvakange zvichinyorwa nechisimboti chinoratidza kambani yakavatumira, kana zvakakodzera.
Mushure mekunge 1918, zvinhu zveLoetz zvakanyorwa zita reCzechoslovakia panzvimbo yeAustria, izvo zvinobatsira kusiyanisa nguva pane izvo zvinhu.