Mvura yeJōmon yakatanga kupi? Uye nei zvakakosha zvikuru?
Mvura yeJōmon yakatanga kupi?
Jōmon chirongo chinobva kuJapan uye chaizvoizvo chinopindirana neJōmon nguva. Yakave yakanyorwa zvakanyanya pamusoro pekuti mazuva chaiwo eJōmon nguva ave akaoma kufungidzira. Nezuva rekutanga zvikuru rave rakarongedzwa se10, 500 BC, kunyange zvazvo vazhinji vanobvumirana zvinogona kunge zvakapera kunenge mazana matatu BC BC apo Jōmon yakaenda kune Yayoi nguva (inenge 300 BC kusvika 250 CE).
Chimwe chezvinhu zvinotsanangura nguva yeYaii ndeye dzimwe nguva inozivikanwa seA Iron Age nguva muJapan, uko basa resimbi raiva chinhu chinokosha. Vose vanoshanda izvi zvisati zvava bhuku guru uye ruoko rwakashanda. Yakave yakanyorwa kuti vazhinji veJumon vanhu vaigara mumhenderekedzo yehova mumaruwa maduku uye vakanga vachirima varimi. Zvokudya zvakasiyana-siyana zvakadai zvaiwanika kwavari munzvimbo idzi dzakawanda, kusika kwehari yekubikisa uye kubika kwaive kushanduka kwepanyama.
Chii chakaitwa naJoom ?
Ihari yebhari yakanga isina kuumbwa kusvikira panguva Yayoi (iyo yakatangira nguva yeJomon), saka iyo yose yeJomon yakagadzirwa nokugadzirwa nemaoko. Iyo yakadzoka seimwe yeimwe yekutanga yehari yakawanikwa pasi pano uye inonyatsozivikanwa nevenzi vayo vachishandisa nzira yekugadzira. Mabasa (kunyanya zvidimbu zvepakutanga) aiwanzoputika mifananidzo. Sezvakaitwa mumadzimai akawanda ekugadzira mapuranga akaita zvidimbu uye Jōmon basa raive nechemberi dzakakoshesa mutsindo pairi kunze, uko zita raJomon rinobva.
Mhando yevhu yakashandiswa yaiwanzoreruka uye 'yakasanganiswa nezvimwe zvinhu zvakadai semagetsi nemakumbo akaoma', izvi zvaizoita kuti kuvhara zvive nyore nyore uye kwakaita kuti mbesa yekupedzisira iwedzere simba. Kamwe kambani yeiripi yakanga yave yakagadzirwa vakadzingwa pamhepo yakadzika yakadzika yeanenge 900 degrees Celsius .
Mune zviitiko izvo Jero muhari haisati yakasikwa yekubika kana kuchengetedza, zvidimbu dzimwe nguva zvinoshandiswa mumitambo yekuviga kana pamitambo.
Ndezvipi nguva dzakasiyana-siyana muJōmon muhari?
Sezvo nguva yaJomon yakareba nguva yakadaro yakareba, yakaputsika mumasangano akasiyana-siyana. Kutanga kwemazuva iwayo kwaiva neAngapit Jōmon nguva uye iyi ndiyo iyo imwe yekutanga nguva yevhu yakagadzirwa nemabhodom akazara (bullet shaped) yakashandiswa pakubika kubika kunze. Vaiwanzoiswa muhombe yakaumbwa nehuta yavo kana mvura inodzika mukati, pamatombo kana mujecha mumoto wemafuta kuitira kuti vagadzikane. Nguva Yepakutanga yeJōmon yakaona ivhu richifambira mberi mberi nemapapiro akadzika pasi padziri kushandiswa kwekushandisa mumba. Kusvikira panguva iyi yakawanda yemidziyo yaiva yakajeka mukuisa mavo, imwe kunze kwetambo dzemaitiro dzavaizivikanwa uye yakanga isiri kusvika pakati nepakati kweJōmon nguva iyo kubwinya kwakatorwa zvakananga. Zvimwe zvezvikamu izvi kubva panguva ino zvakawanikwa nemhuka dzemuviri uye maumbirwo akaita senyoka dzaive dzakakurumbira, sezvakanga zvakaita zviso. Zvifananidzo zvakaitwa mukati meJokmon yose. Ihari yakava yakawanda uye yakaoma uye yakajeka sezvakaipfeka nguva, nevatori vachiwana chivimbo uye kuedza.
Mumazuva ekutanga mapepa akanzi akave akashandiswa achishandisa zvinhu zvakadai sehairi kana kuputira chigadziro mune zvinhu zvakadai sematanda emusango kana zvigunwe zvehari.
Mhando yei inoshandiswa yakashandiswa muJōmon ?
Sezvo iyi yaiva nguva yakadaro yekare uye kushandiswa kwehuumbi, muhari wehari yakanga isati yava tsika yakawanda uye zvidimbu zvakawanda zvakanga zvisingatauri, kunze kwekupisa , izvo zvinozozivikanwa mukupera kweJomon nguva. Nhaka yeJapan yakanyora pamusoro pezviitiko zvinonakidza zvavanoziva zvakaitika munguva yekutanga yeJōmon nguva, iyo yaive kushandiswa kwemalaki se glaze. Iri rakasvibiswa rakaitwa kubva mumucheka we rhus verniciflora muti uye yakange yakatsvuka yakatsvuka nemidziyo yei oxidized (kune mienzaniso yakanaka yeiyi kuTokyo National Museum). Mucheka mutsvuku wakanga wakanyanyisa muJōmon nguva.