A Brief Biography
Kana iri kuuya kumapuzzle panofanira kuva neusingazivikanwi 'Prince of Puzzle Makers' uye ndiyo inonzi mukurumbira wenyika yakawanda Samuel Loyd, uyo anonzi akasika zvigaro zvinopfuura 10 000 puzzles , zvizhinji zvayo zvinokosha uye zvinonakidza nhasi sezvazvaiva apo ivo vakatanga kuonekwa makore anopfuura zana akapfuura.
Murume mukuru akaberekwa musi waJanuary 30, 1841. Baba vaLoyd vaive nzvimbo yekutengesa imba uye amai vake vakanga vari mukoma wemufananidzo wemufananidzo wekubudirira zvikuru panguva iyoyo, John Singer Sargent, ane basa raisanganisira mifananidzo yevatungamiri vaviri veUnited States: Theodore Roosevelt uye Woodrow Wilson.
Ventriloquist ava nemakore matanhatu
Mimwe yemhizha Loyd yakagadziriswa sevechidiki uye yakanakidzwa muupenyu hwake hwose yaiva magetsi, kutora, miti yekuveza, uye imwe yaizova chekuda kwake, chess. Kuvimbika kunogona kutevedzera mutsindo yakawanda, kubva pane zviridzwa zvemimhanzi kusvikira kuchema kwemhuka. Nhau iyo Loyd yakapupura kwemakore akawanda gare gare, inoudzwa pamusoro pekuita kwake kushata kuburikidza nekushandura kwemaitiro ane makore matanhatu. Mumwe wevaranda akacherechedza nokuti akanga asina kudzivirirwa kubva pakunzwa "manzwi" ari mumumvuri zuva rimwe nerimwe paakaenda kundonatsa imba.
Chess master ndiyo yakatora 15th munyika
Loyd yakatanga zvidzidzo zvehupfumi zvehurumende asi izvi zvakakurumidza kusiyiwa nokuda kwemufaro mukuru we chess, umo yaakanyanyisa. Akanga achibudirira kurwisa vamwe vatambi vakanakisisa munyika uye, pane imwe nguva, yaive yepakati pe15 mu nyika. Dambudziko rake rekutanga chess rakabudiswa neNew York Mugovera Courier apo aingova nemakore mana chete uye mumakore mashanu akatevera, chess puzzles yake yakaita kuti azikanwe munyika yose ye chess.
Pakazosvika 1857, pazera remakore gumi nematanhatu, ndiye aiva mhariri wehari Chess Monthly uye akatamidzwa semutungamiriri wekuAmerica munyori wezvinetso chess, kunyora peji yevhiki yeScientific American Supplement .
Dhongi puzzle inomupa zviuru zvemadhora
Mushure mokunge aita zvakawanda munyika yechess, Loyd akatanga kutora chido chakanyanya mumathematical puzzles uye kuparidzira giveaways.
Akaona izvi sechinhu chinowanzoitika kubva chess puzzles uye, kusvikira nhasi, unyanzvi hwake uye hwepakutanga hazvina kupfuura. Pazera remakore gumi nemanomwe, akafungidzira denga re 'Trick Dhongi' iro rakamupa mari zviuru gumi uye rakava chisikwa chake chekutanga chekuzivikanwa. Kunyengedza zvisiri nyore-kutarisa, sarudzo yaro inoda kungofunga kwakadzika uye kuchenjera kushandura. Kuti agadzirise denga re 'Trick Dhongi', iyo solver inodurura zvikamu zvitatu uye inovagadzira, pasina kubata, kuitira kuti majokke ari kutasva mbongoro.
Makopi anopfuura mabhiriyoni akaparadzirwa?
Iyo pikicha yakashandiswa sechigadzirwa chekuzivisa neAmerican mureza PT Barnum, muumbi weBarum's Circus. Akatenga zvakawanda kwazvo mwedzi woga woga kugovera asati azviratidza. Akabhadharawo Loyd kuti ave nemapuzzles akagovera zvakare zita rokuti Barnum's Trick Mules. Zvinotendwa, kuti mune imwe nzira kana imwe, mabhiriyoni anopfuura mabhiriyoni eyi puzzles akaparidzirwa kubva pakuberekwa kwaro makore zana apfuura.
Kunyengera nyore ...
Akashamiswa nekubudirira kwake kwekutanga, Loyd zvino akaisa pfungwa pakubudisa michina yakafanana iyo yaisazonyanya kufarira asi inomupawo mari. Izvi zvakaratidza muenzaniso weiyo Loyd ainakidzwa zvikuru: kugadzira puzzles yakaonekwa yakanyanyisa zvokuti vanhu vakamanikidzwa kuedza kugadzirisa ivo chete kuti vapedze maawa, kana mazuva, vhiki kana mwedzi, vachiedza kuzviverenga.
'Pony Puzzle' yaiva imwe nyanzvi yakaoma zvikuru uye mamiriyoni akabudiswa. Ichi chinyorwa chinoda kuti solver icheke zvidimbu uye igadzire ivo nenzira ye pony.
$ 1,000.00 mubayiro hauna kumbobvira wawana!
Loyd yainziwo inonzi mukurumbira wenyika, '15 -14 Block Puzzle ', iyo inoumbwa nematombo gumi nemakumi maviri nemakumi mashanu ekudzoka. Chinhu chacho ndechekuisa matanho muhuwandu hwekuverenga kuburikidza nekuvamanikidza kune imwe nguva panguva. Ichi chinyararire, maererano naLoyd, "akadzinga nyika yose mapenzi" uye akapa mubairo we $ 1 000.00 nokuda kwekutanga yekugadzirisa mhinduro iyo, zvisinei, asina kumbofanira kubhadhara.
Peji rinotevera
Muna 1896, Loyd akavepa kodzero yekuti 'Budai pasi Pasi Puzzle' iyo inonzi inoita kubudirira kwake uye zvichida ndiyo yakanyanya kufungidzirwa inoshandiswa . Inoumbwa nevatatu vane hondo vanopoteredza nyika. Kushandura nyika, murwi mumwe anoita seanopera asi ndeupi iye uye ari kuenda kupi? Mamiriyoni emapuzzles aya akaparidzirwa seopa-aways kutengesa zvinhu zvose kubva pamapepanhau kusvika tei.
Kutevera kubudirira kweiyi puzzle, kuchinja kunonzi, 'Munhu Akarasika', zvichida akafuridzirwa nemimhanzi yakabudirira yenguva, yakabudiswa muna 1897. Kunyange zvakadaro, imwe shanduro, 'Teddy neShumba', yakabudiswa muna 1909, yaiva akati akave akafuridzirwa nemutungamiri weMutungamiri Teddy Roosevelt kuti atore zvidhori zveSmithsonian.
Inopfuura chiuru chemashoko pazuva
Puzzles aLoyd ainyanya kudiwa uye akaendesa dhipatimendi rezodzidza yeBrooklyn Daily Eagle pamwe nemamwe mapepanhau nemagazini muUnited States uye kune dzimwe nyika. Akapa zvipo zvekugadzirisa mapezi ake uye izvo zvakaita kuti iye agamuchire, pane dzimwe nguva, kupfuura tsamba chiuru pazuva. Kubvira muna 1907 kusvika muna 1910, akabatanidza akawanda emapuzzles mubhuku reMwedzi weNharireyomurindi .
Mumakore ake akazotevera, Loyd akatanga mwana wake, Sam Loyd Jr., mune unyanzvi hwekuita mapikicha uye vakabatana kusvikira musi waApril 10, 1911, apo, zvinosuruvarisa, Loyd Sr.
akafa pamba muBrooklyn, USA. Mushure mekufa kwake, Loyd Jr. akapfuurira kuparidzira mapepa ababa vake uyewo akagadzira vazhinji vega pavanotora magazini yababa vake uye mapepanhau mabasa. Muna 1914, akabudisa Sam Loyd's Cyclopedia ye 5000 Puzzles, Tricks, uye Conundrums , iyo inofungidzirwa nevamwe kuti ndiyo inofadza zvikuru bhuku rinobvira rakabudiswa.
Izvi zvakateverwa nemapuzzles aSam Loyd: Bhuku revana , Sam Loyd's Tricks & Puzzles naSam Loyd nemapuzzles ake . Loyd Junior akafa munaFebruary 1934 uye akavigwa pedyo nababa vake muNew York.
Peji inotevera: Edza mamwe mapeji aSam Loyd
Sam Loyd aidavira kuti puzzles haisi kungochengetedza pfungwa dzakachena uye dzakangwarira asi ibasa iro vaduku nevakuru vanogona kufara. Akambotaura kuti, "Puzzles inonyorera hupenzi." Ndinofunga kuti uchawana kuti vakomana nevanasikana vanogona kunyanya kugadzirisa puzzles kazhinji kechiedza uye chakanyanya kukurumidza. " Iye naSam Loyd Jr. vakasiya nhaka inoshamisa uye puzzles dzavo dzinoramba dzichifadzwa nevanhu pasi rose.
Kuti udzidze zvakawanda nezvemurume uyu anoshamisa uye edza mamwe emapuzzles ake anoshamisa , tapota shanyira mushumiri wepamutemo weSam Loyd uri pawww.samloyd.com. Imwe Sam Loyd Company isangano rakagadzirirwa kuita basa raLoyd rinowanikwa kune rimwe chizvarwa chitsva pamwe neavo vatove vatevedzeri vateveri. Vanopawo mapurogiramu anoyeukwa emapuzzles ake anozivikanwa zvakadai seokuti, 'Endai Munyika', 'Trick Dhongi' uye 'The Pony Puzzle'.
Kuverenga Kunyoresa
- Sam Loyd's Cyclopedia Of 5000 Puzzles, Tricks And Conundrums Nemhinduro
- The Puzzle King: Sam Loyd's Chess Matambudziko uye Akasarudzwa Mathematical Puzzles
- Sam Loyd uye Matambudziko Ake Chess
Sam Loyd, 'Buda Pasi Pano' uye pikisa kugadzira, 'Trick Dhongi' uye puzzles nekugadzira uye 'The Pony Puzzle' uye purojekiti yakagadziriswa zvikwangwani zvakanyorwa zvakanyoreswa zveThe Sam Loyd Company. Zvinhu zvinosanganisira Sam Loyd uye Chess Matambudziko aArion C White. Loyd akabvunzurudzwa naGeorgian Grantham Bain weThe Strand Magazine uye muThe Delineator Magazine .