"Piggyback" zvitima ndiyo zvinhu zvinotyisa kune rairi nhasi. Apo midzi inodzokera kumashure kwemazana emakore, rori-rutsigiro rwebasa rekudzidzisa rakatanga zvechokwadi muma1950. Nokuda kwemazana emhando dzakawanda dzinonyanya kushandiswa, ma motokari nematokari ndiwo chikamu chinokosha chechiitiko.
Zvinyorwa Chiitiko
TOFC kana Trailer Pasi FlatCar ndeimwe yenzira dzakakosha dzokufambisa. Pfungwa yekutakura vatengesi, kana ngoro, kuenda kumapapancheti anowanikwa kusvika pakati pe1800s.
Iyi pfungwa yakagamuchirwa nekisikiti nehondo asati asvika payo nekumuka kwekutengesa motokari muma1950.
Nhamba dzinoverengeka dzezvikepe dzakapayona itsva TOFC nhepfenyuro muna 1950s. Iyo pfungwa yakabvumira madori kuti agone kuparidzira suo neimba achiendesa nemagwagwa akatakura mutoro wekureba kwenguva refu. Pakutanga, dzakawanda zvezvitima dzakaedza kuisa zviduku mumaguta akawanda. Zvikuru "hubs" zvakakurumidza kuratidza zvakajeka zvakanyanya. Zvinonakidza, magumi ekumhanya kwemazuva ano achiri kutumidzwa kuti "ramps" kunyange zvazvo magwenga ave nenguva refu akatsiva mafambiro echokwadi.
Maitiro okutanga aishandiswa "sekisikiti maitiro" kutakura, apo vatengesi vainge vakatsigirwa pamahwindo kubva kune rumwe rutivi. Mahwendefa chaiwo ehuturo akaderedzwa pakati pemotokari kuitira kuti madori acho apfuure. Iyi nzira, yakatangwa nemabasa ekurokisi, yakanga iri nguva yekudya uye yakaoma nekucheka kwenguva refu kwemotokari. Imwe trailer chete inogona kutakurwa panguva imwe uye kutsigira trailer inoda unyanzvi hunokosha.
Pane imwe nzvimbo, nzvimbo dzekufamba nadzo dzinofanirwa kuchengetedzwa nemaketani nemakumbo engoro. Panzvimbo yacho, teregi yaifanira kuonekwa pamharadzano nemakwara anotarisana nemugwagwa kuitira kuti matareta aigona kusungira kuti adzikinure. Izvi zvaireva kuti zvipfeko zvizhinji zvaidiwa neve pedyo kuti vashandise motokari.
Sezvakagadziriswa zvakasimbiswa muma1960, magwenga nemakasimusi uye itsva yechishanu-magumbo ekubatanidza akatseerera kusunungura zvinhu zvikuru.
Izvi zvivako zvinogonawo kugadzirisa zvidhina zvekutakura pamwe nemakororo.
Ngarairi
Mabasa okutanga kazhinji aivimba nehutano hwe40 uye hwemakumbo makumi mashanu emakumbo ekutengesa marara. Yakareba motokari yakagadzirwa nokuda kweOFC basa muma1950 yaiva nemamita makumi mashanu. Izvi zvinogona kukonzera zvidimbu zvidimbu makumi maviri nemakumi matatu zvezuva.
TOFC flatcars kazhinji yakagadzirirwa mahwendefa ekudonha pamigumo uye nzvimbo dzekubatanidza tete-pasi maketani kumativi uye nzvimbo. Rubrails pamwe nemativi akavewo dzimwe nguva anoshandiswa kudzivirira taraira kuti irege kubhururuka panguva yekuitwa.
Sezvo maturairi akawedzera kusvika mamita makumi mana akareba mamita akareba, flatcars yakawedzerawo kusvika ku 85 uye gare gare 89 mamita. Iyo yekupedzisira yakabatsira kunyange mushure mekufamba kwemakumbo makumi maviri makumi mashanu muma1980. Kuwedzera kwemakumi maviri nemakumi mashanu nemakumi mashanu emakwara emakumbo muma1991 kwakaratidza kuti chete chete inogona kushandiswa pane imwe nhanho yemakumbo 89. Kurongeka kwakasiyana-siyana kunobvumira tharaira yakasiyana neyakakonzera. Mabatikiti asingashandisirwi nemakwikwi akawanda emazuva ano anogona kuonekwa achikanda mamwe mitoro zvakare.
Nzvimbo dzemotokari dzakapiwa kuderedzwa kureba uye uremu uye huwandu hwechimiro kupfuura zvivako. Nokuderera kuwanda kwepuratifomu, idzi motokari dzaive dzakapenya. Zvitatu uye zvishanu zvinyorwa zvakaiswa motokari zvakapa hurumende yakawanda kuburikidza nekuderedza kuputanidza kusvetuka uye magumbo.
Motokari dzakanaka dzinowanzoshandiswa kumigodhi, asi vamwe vane zvigaro zvekushandisa kwetrailer zvakare. Izvi zvinogadziriswa zvinobvumira midziyo mumadzimai ekuputira mukati kutakura chero mutoro unoda.
Trailer Train (TTX)
Iko mari yakakwirira uye nyika yakashambadzirwa yekutengeserana kwemisika inotengesa nzira dzezvitima kuti dzigadzire pfuma yavo pazvinotenga midziyo. Trailer Train Corporation yakasikwa muna 1955 kuti ipe nzvimbo dzakasvibirira pasi pamasitadhi akaisa mari mairi. Izvi zvakachengetedza nzira dzezvikepe pachedu kubva pamari yekutengesa kana teknolojia itsva ikakundikana. Yakapawo mamwe mabasa asina kusimba mumigwagwa yakawanda uye yakakurudzira kusimudzira uye kubatana pakati pemakwikwi ekukwikwidzana.
Yakatumidzwa zita reTTX Corporation muna 1991, kambani yechipfufa yakagadzika, musana uye motokari dzakanaka zvinowanikwa munharaunda dzose dzomukati. Iyo ikambani inopa motokari yemapurisa yevashandi uye mamwe mabasa uye iyo ikambani yemubereki yeTerebox uye Railgon boxcar uye gondola mapolisi.
Mukuwedzera kuTrailer Train, vazhinji vezvitima vanove nemichina yavo iyo inowanzobatanidzwa kushanda munyika yose.