Kudzora Kudzika Kwebindu NaF-Anoenda muKushanyura

01 ye 05

Chii Chinonzi Kuwedzera Kwebindu?

Izwi rinowanikwa mumifananidzo, kuwedzera kwebindu kunokosha kuongorora pakusikwa chero mufananidzo. Inoshandiswa pazvidimbu zvakasiyana-siyana kuti iise zvinhu zvose zviri mumufananidzo kuva chinangwa chakajeka kana kuti kuderedza kuisa pfungwa uye kusimbisa nyaya, zvichibvumira zvimwe zvinhu kuti zvive nyore.

Vafori vanoshandisa zvakadzika zvemaunda kuti vape zvimwe zviitiko uye vanoita kuti vataridzi vatarise zvimwe zviitiko zvechiitiko. Zvakakosha kuti unzwisise kuti sei kuisa paikamera yako, kureba kwema-lens, uye kureba kwehurukuro yako kunobata hukuru hwemufananidzo wemunda.

Chii Chinonzi Kuwedzera Kwebindu?

Ukudzika kwebindu ndiyo chiyero chemufananidzo wako mberi nekupfuura nheyo yako yekukurukura ichave yakatarira. Iwe unofanirwa kunzwisisa kuti kudzika kwebindu ndechekuti kuchakuudza iwe kana kuti kwete nyaya yako uye mamiriro ako ezvinhu zvinogona kunge zvakanyatsotarisa panguva imwe chete.

Ukudzika kwebindu kunoratidzirwa nezvinhu zvitatu zvinonyanya kukosha:

• Aperture / F-Stop
• Lens
• Nyaya Kubva

Kunyange zvazvo kamera inogona kunyanya kuisa pfungwa pane chimwe chiduku chiduku munharaunda, kudzika kwebindu kunotarisa kuti yakawanda sei mufananidzo uri "kutaridzika kwakanaka" kumeso evanhu.

• Mumamiriro ezvinhu akadai semiti, nzvimbo yakadzika yebindu inowanzodiwa kuitira kuti nzvimbo yese ione seyo iri kutarisa.
• Mune zvidzidzo zvakadai semasikiriti, nzvimbo yakadzika yebindu inowanzoshandiswa kusvibisa mamiriro ekudzivirira uye kuderedza zvinokanganisa kubva munyaya huru yemufananidzo.

02 of 05

Migumisiro yeAperture / F-Stop paUpasi hweMunda

Icho chikuru chekutonga kwepakati yemunda ndiyo yekuvhara, kana f-kumira, kuisa pane kamera yako. Mafupa anotangira kubva f / 1.8-f / 64 uye lendi imwe neimwe yaunenge yaisa pane kamera yako ichave yakasiyana-siyana iyo inoratidzirwa pane lens pachayo.

Chii Chinonzi Aperture?

Aperture inotsanangura kuvhura kunogadzirika mukati memera yako yekhamera inodzora kuwanda kwechiedza chinotyisa firimu kana sjinjiti yemagetsi. Sezvo uwandu hwemafuro akachinja, rutivi rwechiedza runopisa firimu kana sensor inoshandurawo. Iko ndiko kuchinja kwenguva - kufanana nemagirazi emaziso anoshandura chikamu chechiedza-icho chinoumba shanduko mukati memunda.

Aperture inotaridzwa ne-f-stops pane kamera yako yekudzivirira. F-stop settings inomiririra chiyero chinobva pachiyero chemavheni ekuzarura uye urefu hukuru.

Aperture yakave ichivhiringidzika kune vatsva vemafirimu (uye vamwe vakagadzira vatori vemifananidzo) nekuda kwekuita sekunopesana mukurondedzerwa kwayo: f-stop duku inotanga kuvhura uye f-stop huru inotanga kuzarura . Nemhaka yekuti nzvimbo shoma shoma inogadzirisa chikamu chechiedza chinopinda mu-lens, hombe f-stop (shoma shoma) inodawo kuwedzera kujekesa kunonyatsoratidza mufananidzo.

Nzira iri nyore yekuyeuka hukama pakati peF-Stop / Aperture nekudzika kweMunda ndeyokuti:

• Dhigirii F-Stop = Kubvira Kuwedzera Kwebindu = Chimwe Chiedza Chinodiwa
• Small F-Stop = Kuderera Kwemunda = Chidiki Chiedza Chinodiwa

Izvi zvinoreva kuti:

• Zvikuru-f-stops, zvakadai sa f / 11, zvinoda kutora nguva yekuvhara faster kana kuti kuwedzera chiedza uye kubudisa mifananidzo nehombe yakadzika yemunda (zvimwe zvechiitiko chiri mumusoro).
• Zviduku-f-stops, zvakadai se f / 4, zvinobvumira kusvitsa zvakakurumidza kukurumidza kana kuderera kwechiedza uye kubudisa zvidhori zvine zvishoma zvakadzika zvebindu (zvishoma pane nzvimbo zviri mumusoro).

03 of 05

Migumisiro yeLens Kukura Mukudzika Kwebindu

Nzvimbo yakakosha ye lens yako ine chikamu chakakura mukugadzirisa nekudzika kwebindu (DOF) yemifananidzo yako zvakare.

Mafungiro Akafanana Akaita Sei Kuwedzera Kwebindu?

Funga nezvesimba rako lens sechinhu chinokanganisa chekugona kwako kukwanisa. Iyo yakakwirira kukura kwezvinhu, zvishoma kuderera kwebindu kuchave, kunyange nepamusoro f-stop settings.

Ukuru hwekufambira mberi kwenzvimbo kune lens 70-300mm:

• 70mm = DOF huru
• 100mm = DOF huru
• 200mm = DOF duku
• 300mm = duku DOF

Izvi zvinonyanya kuzivikanwa mune macrophyphysi apo kuswedera pedyo kwechidzidzo uye nepamusoro-soro kwehurefu hunoguma nekudzika kwendima iyo dzimwe nguva isingapfuki masendimita.

04 of 05

Migumisiro Yehurukuro Inosvika Pakudzika Kwemunda

Zvakafanana nesimba rekuvharidza, ichidzika kure, rinoita chikamu chikuru mukugadzirisa zvakadzama kumunda kwemufananidzo mune mufananidzo. Kana iwe uri pedyo nekutarisa kwako kana kuti nyaya, huwandu hwomunda huri nyore.

Mavhinga Akaita Sei Kuwedzera Kwebindu?

Kuti uenzanisire chiitiko ichi, bata ruoko rwako parutivi rwomukati pamberi pechiso chako. Kunyangwe iwe uchitarisa paruoko rwako unogona kuona zvakanakisisa nzvimbo yakapoteredza mukufungisisa zvakajeka.

Ita zvishoma nezvishoma ruoko rwako kumeso ako kusvikira iwe uchisvika pahafu yenzira. Cherechedza zvakadini nzvimbo yakapoteredza ruoko rwako inotarisa. Ramba uchifambisa ruoko rwako pedyo kusvikira yava pedyo nemaziso ako anogona kuisa pfungwa pairi uye ona kuti zvishoma zvishoma zvakapoteredza ruoko rwako zvino zvinogona kuonekwa.

Izvozvo zvinoitika zvinoitika nekeri yako yemera.

• Izvi zvinokonzerwa nekukwirira kukuru kwezvinhu, zvinokonzerwa nekudzika kwakadzama kweminda inowanikwa mumakuro macro.
• Izvo zvinoitawo kuti mvura yakadzika yebindu mune dzimwe nyika dzakawanda dzinogona kuitika apo uchishandisa pasi rekusimudza lens lens.

05 of 05

Ona Migumisiro Yokudzika Kwebindu KwaWako

Zviri nyore kuita chiyero kuitira kuti uwane ruzivo rwekudzora nekudzika kwebindu uye kuwana maonero ezvakanaka pamifananidzo yako. Kuti uite kudaro, zvakanakisisa kushandisa katatu kana sevhavha inopera ichasiyana.

1. Isa keramera yako pane bhuku kana kutora nzvimbo yekutanga uye usashandure urefu hukuru hwelensi yako.
2. Funga nezvehurukuro yako uye sarudza kamera pamuduku-duku-f-stop inogona (semuenzaniso, f / 3.5). Tora mufananidzo.
3. Pasina kufambisa kamera kana pfungwa yekuisa pfungwa, sarudza kamera yepakati-yakatarisa f-stop (somuenzaniso, f / 5.6 kana f / 8). Tora mufananidzo.
4. Zvakare, pasina kutamisa kamera kana pfungwa yekuisa pfungwa, sarudza kamera yepamusoro f-stop inokwanisa (semuenzaniso, f / 11 kana f / 16). Tora mufananidzo.

Enzanisa mifananidzo mitatu yakatarisana uye ona kuti zvimwe zviitiko zvinowira sei paunotarisa sezvo iwe unoderedza hukuru hwekuzarura kwevhura (shandisa f-stop huru). Uyewo, cherechedza kuti mavharivha ako akatsika pasi aya aya makuru f-stops.

Cherechedza: Dzimwe lenzi dzemakironi dzichava nezviduku uye zvakakura f-stops kupfuura mienzaniso inopiwa. Shandisa zviduku uye zvakakura pane zviripo pane lens yako kuti uwane zvakazara nekudzika kwemunda.

Kuisa Kudzika Kwemunda Kudzora MuZuva Remazuva Practice

Tora ruzivo rutsva newe uye uone zviri mumifananidzo yose yaunotora. Ichakupa hukuru hukuru hwemifananidzo yako uye inogona kushandiswa pamigumisiro yakasiyana-siyana.

Vafudzi vachabva vachishandisa zvakadzika masango kuti vabatsirwe mumamiriro ezvinhu akasiyana-siyana:

• Mamiriro emifananidzo vanofambisa kazhinji vanoshandisa huru-f-stops kuti kuwedzere ukuru hwemunda munzvimbo.
• Vagadziri vemifananidzo vanowanzoshandisa zviduku zviduku-fambisa kuderedza kubwinya kwemunda munzvimbo, zvichiita kuti mutaridzi atarise pane zviso nemeso. Cherechedza kuti nemapoka makuru, unoda zvakadzama zvebindu izvo zvichaita kuti munhu wese atarisire.
• Mitambo vatevedzeri vanogara vachishandisa zviduku zviduku-fambisa kuderedza kubwinya kwebindu uye kubvumira kuisa pfungwa kune vatambi vechidiki pavanenge vachikanganisika. Izvi zvinobatsirawo kuderedza kupfiga kwechivharo kuitira kuti misiye kukurumidza kuita.