Indian Head Cent: Tsanangudzo, Zvinyorwa uye Zvose
Nhoroondo uye Nhoroondo
Imwe nyanzvi yemuIndia yakasikwa kuti inotora nzvimbo yeFlying Eagle cent nekuti United States Mint yaive nezvinetso zvinoparadza Flying Eagle cent zvakafanana. Pasi pekutungamirirwa naMint Director James Ross Snowden, James B. Longacre akagadzira kushandurwa. Izvo zvakasarudzwa zvakagadzikana zvakasara zvakafanana panguva iyo Longacre yakatsiva iyo yakashata yakagadzirwa nemufananidzo wezvinyorwa zve Lady Liberty akapfekedza musoro weIndia.
Longacre kutanga akashandisa chimiro chezvinyorwa zvemafungiro pamusoro pe 1854 imwe dollar yegoridhe chikamu. Izvo zvakasarudzwa zvakagadzirwa zvakafanana zvikuru neFlying Flying Eagle yakatarisana. Mugore rokutanga (1859) mutsara waiva neshoko rakasungirirwa rakapoteredza mazwi ONE CENT. Muna 1860, Longacre yakashandura ruvara rwechepamusoro kune rumwe rutivi rwegwenzi rakagadzirwa nemashizha emuouki neUnited Shield kumusoro kwegwenzi.
Nemhaka yekuwedzera kwemari yezvinhu zvakagadzirwa panguva yeHondo Yenyika, kuumbwa kwakashandurwa pakati nepakati pegore ra1864 kubva musanganiswa wemhangura uye nickel kusvika kune rimwe saroni. Uyezve, Congress yakabvumira kuderedzwa kwehuwandu kubva ku 4.67 gramu kusvika ku3.11 gm. Kubudirira kwemasenti aya kwakapfuurira kuburikidza muna 1909 apo Dhipatimendi reMariki yakatsiva iyo nezana reLincoln iro rinoyeuka makore zana ekuberekwa kwake.
Indian Head penny mararamiro uye mutengo zvakaramba zvichiramba zvichinyatsogadziriswa kana zvichigadziriswa zvekutengesa.
Kunyange zvakadaro, kune madiki mashomanana emusoro weIndia Head Penny nemhando dzakakosha nokukurumidza.
Detailed Specifications
| Kutuma Hurumende | United States of America |
| $ 0.01 (One Cent) | |
| Cheinage Type | Indian Head Cent (aka Indian Head Penny) |
| Mhemberero Dates | 1859 kusvika 1909 |
| Zvivako Zvitsva | Philadelphia neSan Francisco |
| Mint Mark Nzvimbo | Pano necheperi, pasi pazasi pasi pemuseve pawreath. (1908 & 1909 chete) |
| Kuumbwa | 1859 - 1864 : 88% mhangura, 12% nickel (copper-nickel) 1864 - 1909 : 95% mhangura, 5% tin uye zinc (bronze) |
| Weight | 1859 - 1864 : 4.67 gramu 1864 - 1909 : 3.11grams |
| Kurema kwekutsungirira (+/-) | 1859 - 1864 : 0.259 gramu 1864 - 1909 : 0.290grams |
| Zvechokwadi Gold Gold Weight ( ) | 0.0000 Troy Ounces (haina yegoridhe) |
| Zvechokwadi Silver Weight ( ASW ) | 0.0000 Troy Ounces (haina chevha) |
| Actual Platinum Weight ( ) | 0.0000 Troy Ounces (haina Platinum) |
| 1859 - 1864 : 8.92 (copper-nickel) 1864 - 1909 : 8.84 (ndarira) | |
| Diameter | 19 mm |
| Kuwanda | 1859 - 1864 : 2.33 mm 1864 - 1909 : 1.55 mm |
| Edge Type | Plain |
| Inotsanangurwa Tsanangudzo | Lady Liberty akapfekedza musoro weIndia wakatarisana nechokumashure, UNITED STATES OF AMERICA yakapoteredza zuva nezuva |
| Akashata Muumbi uye Engraver | James B. Longacre |
| Reverse Description | 1859: ONE CENT mukati memvura yakashata 1860 - 1909 : ONE CENT mukati memucheka wakagadzirwa nemashizha emuoki ane Union Shield kumusoro |
| Reverse Designer & Engraver | James B. Longacre |
| (Krause-Mishler Catalog No.) | 1859: 87 1860 - 1864 : 90 1864 - 1909 : 90a |
| Notes | Matambudziko ekurova zvakajeka mhangura-nickel yakakonzerwa akatungamirira kusarudzo yekushandura kuumbwa kwendarira mukati me1864. |
Makore Okugadzira, Mints uye Aina
Imwe nyanzvi yeIndia yakagadzirwa kubva muna 1859 kusvikira muna 1909 uye muzvivako zviviri zvakasiyana-siyana: Philadelphia, uye Denver. Dzidza nezvemakore, chikwata chemaitiro, mint zvivako, mint mark inoshandiswa pamari uye marondedzero emhando ipi zvayo yakasiyana mumari yemari yakaiswa gore iroro. Indian Head Penny mazai uye maitiro emitambo ari kuratidza nguva yavakagadzirwa.
| Gore | Mint | Mint Mark | Tora |
| Kudzorera : Laurel wreath, hapana nhoo Kubatanidza : Copper-Nickel | |||
| 1859 | Philadelphia | ||
| 1859 Uchapupu | Philadelphia | ||
| Kudzoka : Oak Wreath neUnited Shield Nyaya : Copper-Nickel | |||
| 1860 | Philadelphia | ||
| 1860 Chipupuriro | Philadelphia | ||
| 1861 | Philadelphia | ||
| 1861 Uchapupu | Philadelphia | ||
| 1862 | Philadelphia | ||
| 1862 Uchapupu | Philadelphia | ||
| 1863 | Philadelphia | ||
| 1863 Uchapupu | Philadelphia | ||
| 1864 | Philadelphia | ||
| 1864 Uchapupu | Philadelphia | ||
| Kugadzirwa : Bronze | |||
| 1864 | Philadelphia | ||
| 1864 | Philadelphia | L paRibhoni | |
| 1864 Uchapupu | Philadelphia | ||
| 1864 Uchapupu | Philadelphia | L paRibhoni | |
| 1865 | Philadelphia | ||
| 1865 Chiratidzo | Philadelphia | ||
| 1866 | Philadelphia | ||
| 1866 Uchapupu | Philadelphia | ||
| 1867 | Philadelphia | ||
| 1867 Uchapupu | Philadelphia | ||
| 1868 | Philadelphia | ||
| 1868 Uchapupu | Philadelphia | ||
| Gore | Mint | Mint Mark | Tora |
| 1869 | Philadelphia | ||
| 1869 Chiratidzo | Philadelphia | ||
| 1870 | Philadelphia | ||
| 1870 Uchapupu | Philadelphia | ||
| 1871 | Philadelphia | ||
| 1871 Uchapupu | Philadelphia | ||
| 1872 | Philadelphia | ||
| 1872 Chiratidzo | Philadelphia | ||
| 1873 | Philadelphia | Yakavharwa 3 | |
| 1873 | Philadelphia | Vhura 3 (Pashure pekunyunyuta kuti "3" yakaita se "8", iyo mint yakagadzira chigadziro neine yakazaruka "3".) | |
| 1873 Uchapupu | Philadelphia | Yakavharwa 3 | |
| 1873 Uchapupu | Philadelphia | Vhura 3 (Pashure pekunyunyuta kuti "3" yakaita se "8", iyo mint yakagadzira chigadziro neine yakazaruka "3".) | |
| 1874 | Philadelphia | ||
| 1874 Uchapupu | Philadelphia | ||
| 1875 | Philadelphia | ||
| 1875 Uchapupu | Philadelphia | ||
| 1876 | Philadelphia | ||
| 1876 Uchapupu | Philadelphia | ||
| 1877 | Philadelphia | ||
| 1877 Uchapupu | Philadelphia | ||
| 1878 | Philadelphia | ||
| 1878 Uchapupu | Philadelphia | ||
| 1879 | Philadelphia | ||
| 1879 Uchapupu | Philadelphia | ||
| Gore | Mint | Mint Mark | Tora |
| 1880 | Philadelphia | ||
| 1880 Uchapupu | Philadelphia | ||
| 1881 | Philadelphia | ||
| 1881 Uchapupu | Philadelphia | ||
| 1882 | Philadelphia | ||
| 1882 Uchapupu | Philadelphia | ||
| 1883 | Philadelphia | ||
| 1883 Uchapupu | Philadelphia | ||
| 1884 | Philadelphia | ||
| 1884 Uchapupu | Philadelphia | ||
| 1885 | Philadelphia | ||
| 1885 Uchapupu | Philadelphia | ||
| 1886 | Philadelphia | Tora 1 (Tsamba yekupedzisira mumutauro we "AMERICA" inopindirana necheperi yakadzika pamushamba weIndia.) | |
| 1886 | Philadelphia | Tora 2 (Tsamba yekupedzisira muzwi rokuti "AMERICA" inonyanya kuenderana nekodzero yekodhi yakaderera pamushambadzi weIndia.) | |
| 1886 Uchapupu | Philadelphia | Tora 1 (Tsamba yekupedzisira mumutauro we "AMERICA" inopindirana necheperi yakadzika pamushamba weIndia.) | |
| 1886 Uchapupu | Philadelphia | Tora 2 (Tsamba yekupedzisira muzwi rokuti "AMERICA" inonyanya kuenderana nekodzero yekodhi yakaderera pamushambadzi weIndia.) | |
| 1887 | Philadelphia | ||
| 1887 Uchapupu | Philadelphia | ||
| 1888 | Philadelphia | ||
| 1888 Uchapupu | Philadelphia | ||
| 1889 | Philadelphia | ||
| 1889 Uchapupu | Philadelphia | ||
| 1890 | Philadelphia | ||
| 1890 Uchapupu | Philadelphia | ||
| 1891 | Philadelphia | ||
| 1891 Uchapupu | Philadelphia | ||
| 1892 | Philadelphia | ||
| 1892 Uchapupu | Philadelphia | ||
| 1893 | Philadelphia | ||
| 1893 Uchapupu | Philadelphia | ||
| 1894 | Philadelphia | ||
| 1894 Uchapupu | Philadelphia | ||
| Gore | Mint | Mint Mark | Tora |
| 1895 | Philadelphia | ||
| 1895 Uchapupu | Philadelphia | ||
| 1896 | Philadelphia | ||
| 1896 Uchapupu | Philadelphia | ||
| 1897 | Philadelphia | ||
| 1897 Uchapupu | Philadelphia | ||
| 1898 | Philadelphia | ||
| 1898 Uchapupu | Philadelphia | ||
| 1899 | Philadelphia | ||
| 1899 Uchapupu | Philadelphia | ||
| 1900 | Philadelphia | ||
| 1900 Uchapupu | Philadelphia | ||
| 1901 | Philadelphia | ||
| 1901 Uchapupu | Philadelphia | ||
| 1902 | Philadelphia | ||
| 1902 Uchapupu | Philadelphia | ||
| 1903 | Philadelphia | ||
| 1903 Uchapupu | Philadelphia | ||
| 1904 | Philadelphia | ||
| 1904 Uchapupu | Philadelphia | ||
| 1905 | Philadelphia | ||
| 1905 Uchapupu | Philadelphia | ||
| 1906 | Philadelphia | ||
| 1906 Uchapupu | Philadelphia | ||
| 1907 | Philadelphia | ||
| 1907 Uchapupu | Philadelphia | ||
| 1908 | Philadelphia | ||
| 1908 Uchapupu | Philadelphia | ||
| 1908 | San Francisco | S | |
| 1909 | Philadelphia | ||
| 1909 Uchapupu | Philadelphia | ||
| 1909 | San Francisco | S | |
Zvikanganiso uye Zvimwe
kune zvikanganiso zvakakurumbira zvakakurumbira uye zvakasiyana-siyana izvo Indian Head penny vatengesi vanotarisa nokuti vanotakura purofumi yepamusoro pamusoro pezuva rakafanana mari.
| Gore | Mint | Mint Mark | Error / Variety | Mashoko / Tsanangudzo |
| 1869 | Philadelphia | 9 kupfuura 9 | Iko kuwirirana kunonyanya kuzivikanwa pazvikamu zviviri zvekupedzisira zvezuva racho, "69" | |
| 1869 Chiratidzo | Philadelphia | 9 kupfuura 9 | Iko kuwirirana kunonyanya kuzivikanwa pazvikamu zviviri zvekupedzisira zvezuva racho, "69" | |
| 1873 | Philadelphia | Dbl. LIBERTY | Tarisa kupindirana kwezwi rokuti "LIBERTY" paIndian's headband | |
| 1873 Uchapupu | Philadelphia | Dbl. LIBERTY | Tarisa kupindirana kwezwi rokuti "LIBERTY" paIndian's headband | |
| 1888 | Philadelphia | 8 kupfuura 7 | Chikamu chechikamu chekupedzisira muzuva ("7") chinogona kuonekwa sechinyatsobuda kubva kumucheto wezasi wakasara we "8". | |
| 1888 Uchapupu | Philadelphia | 8 kupfuura 7 | Chikamu chechikamu chekupedzisira muzuva ("7") chinogona kuonekwa sechinyatsobuda kubva kumucheto wezasi wakasara we "8". |
Zvinyorwa Zvitsvene paIndia Head Penny (kureva Indian Head Cents)
- Walter Breen's Complete Encyclopedia ye US uye Colonial Coins ; Walter Breen; Muparidzi: Doubleday; 1 edition (May 1, 1988); ISBN-13: 978-0385142076
- Chinyorwa cheCherrypickers kuRare Diversity Vari, 5th Edition, Volume 1 ; Fivaz, Bill uye JT Stanton; Muparidzi: Whitman Publishing, Atlanta (2009); ISBN-13: 978-0794822859
- Flying Eagle & Indian Cents ; Chando, Richard; Eagle Eye Press; 1992
- Bhuku Rinotungamira reFlying Eagle & Indian Head Cents; Chando, Richard; Whitman Publishing, Atlanta; 2009; ISBN-10: 0794828310; ISBN-13: 978-0794828318
- Iyo Flying Eagle & Guide yeIndia Cent Attribution 1859-1869 ; Chando, Richard; Eagle Eye Rare Coins; Tucson, AZ; 2005; ASIN: B000VK2IAY
- T He Fly ing Eagle & Indian Cent Gwaro Rokugovera 1870-1889 ; Chando, Richard; Eagle Eye Zvikwereti Zvikwereti Tucson, AZ; 2007; ASIN: B000VK7PP2
- Iyo Flying Eagle & Guide yeIndia Cent Attribution 1890-1909 ; Chando, Richard; Eagle Eye Zvikwereti Zvikwereti Tucson, AZ; 2009; ISBN-10: 0970375050; ISBN-13: 978-0970375056
- A Mutengi uye Mufambiro Mutungamiri weFlying Eagle uye Indian Cents ; Q. David Bowers; Bowers neMerena Galleries (1996); ISBN-10: 0943161681; ISBN-13: 978-0943161686
- Flying Eagle & Indian Cents ; Chando, Richard; Eagle Eye Press; Yokutanga shanduro yokudhinda; 1992; ASIN: B0006OXI2W
- The Finders vanoti: A Comprehensive Guide To Sarudzo Rare Flying Eagle uye Indian Cent Die Varieties ; Larry R Steve; Nuvista Press; 1st edition (1995); ISBN-10: 0964585022; ISBN-13: 978-0964585027
Notification yekuzvidzivirira