Potter Glaze Mavara uye Zviitiko Zvinokuvadza
Kurara mu glazes kunovhiringidzwa nevhu, tsvina, tsvina, kana underglazes pasi pawo. Mhando dzakawanda dzecaramic , zvisinei, ndezvikonzero zvesimbi yechipfuti inopararira mumucheka we glaze pachayo. Pasi pemamiriro akasiyana-siyana, mavara aya anogona kupa mhinduro dzakasiyana.
01 ye11
Zvinhu Zvitatu Zvikuru Zvinokonzera Potter Glaze Muvara
Pane mhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzinogona kugadzira girazi. Izvi zvinonyanya kuwira mukati meboka rezvinhu zvitatu zvikuru.
- Kuumbwa kwei glaze. Izvi hazvirevi chete mavara emucheka, asiwo mamwe magetsi anopindirana uye anoita kuti muvaraidza kana kusanganiswa kwemavara.
- Iyo inotonhorera iyo iyo inoputirwa. Mamwe mavara anovhiringidza uye achapararira mukati memhepo inovhuvhuta kana akafukidzwa zvikuru. Vamwe vanopa mavara akasiyana pamatambo akasiyana-siyana.
- I k iln's atmosphere panguva yekufambisa uye, mune dzimwe nguva, panguva yekukonzera.
02 of 11
Chromium Oxide
Chrome oxide inogona kupa mavara akasiyana-siyana: tsvuku, tsvuku, dhizha, tsvuku, uye kunyanya kune ruvara. Chrome inonyangadza pamakona 6 uye pamusoro uye inogona kutumbuka kubva mubumbi kuenda kuhari inokonzera streaks nemigumisiro ine tsvina.
- Chrome-yakatsvuka: inoda kutungamira glaze inodzingwa pamba 08 kana pasi. Kunyanyisa chepfu; kwete nokuda kwekushanda.
- Chrome-yellow: inoda sot-soda glaze inodzingwa pamba 08 kana pasi, kana kuti ichatanga kuchinja. Kunyanyisa chepfu; kwete nokuda kwekushanda.
- Chrome uye zinc zvinowira ruvara.
- Chrome pamwe neatini inobereka pink, yakavezwa piniki, uye inotonhora mahara. Ruvara runoenderana nehuwandu hweiyiiiiii mu glaze uye mune zvehukama kune mumwe nemumwe.
- Zviduku zvechirome pamwe ne cobalt zvinogona kubereka zvipembenene pamakona 9 uye zvakakwirira kana zvichishandiswa mukuderedza. Magnesia glazes anobatsira pakubudisa mavara akanaka.
03 of 11
Cobalt Oxide uye Cobalt Carbonate
Cobalt ibara guru rine simba zvikuru rinowanzotora bhuruu rakanyanya. Cobalt carbonate inoshandiswa kushandiswa zvakawanda nematurita nokuti ine uwandu hwakakosha hukuru uye husinganyanyi kuwedzera.
- Mukupenya kwehutano hwemagnesia, zvishoma zvishoma zve cobalt zvinokwanisa kupa ruvara kubva kune pink kuburikidza nebhuruu violet.
- Magnesia uye cobalt mu glazes inowedzerwa pamba 9 kana yakakwirira inogona kubudisa bhuruu yakasvibiswa nebhuruu, yepini, uye yepepuru. Zvakanyanya kuoma kuzvidzora uye kudzokorora pamusana pekushisa kwakanyanyisa uye nzvimbo yepasi.
- Cobalt uye rutile zvinogona kubudisa mumigumisiro ine simba uye inokonzera.
- Cobalt ne manganese nesimbi inobereka rima guru.
04 of 11
Copper Oxide uye Copper Carbonate
Mhangura isimbi yakasimba iyo inogona kuita kuti glaze ive yakajeka. Panyaya 8 nepamusoro, mhangura inonyangadza uye inogona kutumbuka kubva mubhodhi kusvika kune imwe. Mhangura inowanzopa ruvara muhuniki uye yakatsvuka mukuderedza . Copper oxide yakanyanya kukunda kupfurikidza nemhangura carbonate, sezvo inowedzera mhangura nokurema.
- Mune alkali glazes, mhangura ichabudisa hutukutu.
- Mhangura inobereka maruva akaisvonaka emidziyo mukutungamirira inopenya. Mhangura inowedzera kutakura kwehutongi. Toxic; kwete nokuda kwekushanda.
- Mhangura mubhaumum yakakwirira-inopisa mazai anogadzira bhuu rakasvibirira uye bhuruu-ruvara mukati maviri kusvibiswa uye kuderedza. Toxic; kwete nokuda kwekushanda.
- Mhangura muzasi-moto raku glazes inogona kupa mhangura yemhangura. Nokufamba kwenguva, zvisinei, iyo inenge yakasvibisa inoita kuti isvibirire.
05 of 11
Iron Oxides in Clay
Havazi vabati vakawanda vaizopikisa nzvimbo yedare seinokosha kupfuura dzose dzetikiti. Kuvapo kwechipo chemukati mune dzakawanda miviri yevhu kunounza miviri yevhu yakabva kune guru kusvika kune yakadzika. Pasi pemagetsi akajeka, simbi-ine miviri yevhu inogona kuratidza mhando yakafanana yemarudzi.
Simbi-ine miviri yevhu iyo yakadzingwa asi isiri yakakura, yakadai se bisqueware , kazhinji inonzi saumoni kana kuti nyeredzi yakatsvuka. Kana gomba rakanyungudutswa nechezasi-kutema glaze uye rakadzingwa pasi pekukura kwemuviri wehuvhu, salmon, ocher kana tsvuku tsvuku ichaonekwa.
06 of 11
Iron Oxide Types
Simbi yakawanda inoshandiswa mu glazes inoiswa se red iron oxide (ferric oxide, Fe 2 O 3 ). Yellow iron oxide chimwe chimiro chetric oxide; kunyange zvazvo ruvara rwayo rwakasiyana, rwakafanana rwemakemikari uye runoita zvakafanana neredhiyo iron oxide. Black iron oxide (ferrous oxide, Fe 3 O 4 ) iri kufamba uye haigoni kushandiswa. Crocus martis isimbi yakasvibiswa yesimbi inogona kushandiswa kubudisa mavara, mavara, kana mavara.
07 pa11
Iron Oxide muGlazes
Kazhinji, simbi inounza mavara akadziya anotarisa kubva kune tani uye mashizha kusvika pakadzika, maronda ane ruvara.
- High-fire glazes ine fufu rinopisa uye simbi inogona kubereka resimmon reds namaarangi.
- Siri netiini mu-high-fire glazes zvinokonzera mavara emuchero wemamera, kuputsika kune tsvuku-tsvuku munzvimbo dzisina kunaka.
- Simbi inopinda mukuderedza mumhepo. Hazvisi kushingaira uye dzimwe nguva zvinogona kuita sechinhu chisingaiti muhutayidhi mumhepo.
- Simbi inopera moto-moto inogona kubereka rakanaka, tsvina yesimbi-bhuruu uye celadon green.
- High-fire, high-iron zvakagadziriswa mazai akadzikiswa mukunonoka achabudisa ganda rakajeka kana ruvara rutsvuku. Munzvimbo dzakatetepa, simbi inogona kushandiswa zvakare munguva yekudziya. Reoxidization ichaita kuti nzvimbo idzodzo dzive dzitsvuku kana kuti dziwanikwe zvitsvuku.
08 ye11
Manganese Dioxide
Manganese inowanzotorwa mu glazes se manganese carbonate. Black manganese dioxide inowanzoshandiswa mumasvipiti uye miviri yevhu, uko kubata kwayo kunobereka nzvimbo uye splotches. Manganese, kana ichienzaniswa ne cobalt kana mhangura, inenge isina kuchena. Icho chinotyisa; kubata neuchenjeri, uchishandisa zvose zvinodzivirirwa.
- Mumakwikwi e-alkaline glazes, manganese inobereka ruzha rwebhuruu-ruvara rwepepuru kana plum.
- Pamusana 6 uye pamusoro, manganese inobereka maronda.
- Muchifambiso chinopenya, manganses inobereka ruvara rwepepuru rakasvibiswa rutsvuku. Ex kunyanyisa zvakanyanya; kwete nokuda kwekushanda.
09 of 11
Nickel Oxide
Nickel oxide, iyo inoshandiswa pachayo, inopa zviitiko zvisingatarisirwi. Iyo inogona kushandiswa kubudisa mabhadzi akanyarara uye maronda, asi nickel inenge inoshandiswa nguva dzose kushandura uye kutsika-pasi mavara anobudiswa nemamwe mavara.
10 pa11
Rutile
Rutile isina tsvina yeatanium ine yesimbi pamwe nezvimwe zvinhu. Icho chivara chinonakidza icho chinowanzoita tan muhujiro uye grey mukuderedza. Rutile inokurudzira kristini kukura mukati-kati nepamusoro-moto. Inonyatsozivikanwa nekusika rakanaka streaky uye mottled nemigumisiro.
- Mune boron-ine glazes rutile inobereka zvinonzi zvinonzi streaks kana mavara, kunyanya mu glazes ane mamwe mavara.
- Mumvura inotonhora, rutile inokurudzira opalescent blues.
- Rutile inowedzera opacity.
11 pa11
Other Colorants
Mamwe mavaraira anoshandiswa zvishoma anowanzo:- Antimony: inoshandiswa nejena muzasi-moto inopenya.
- Cadmium uye Selenium: zvakafanana, zvichibudisa mavhiri akajeka. Zvose zvinopisa zvikuru nyore. Toxic; kwete nokuda kwekushanda.
- Ndarama: inopa ruvara rwepiniki, rutsvuku uye ruvara rwepepuru.
- Ilmenite: semuvaravara, wakafanana zvikuru neyimbi yesimbi yakisi.
- Iron Chromate: inobereka shades ye grey, yakasviba uye yakasviba. Iron chromate pamwe nesimbi inogona kubudisa pink kana tsvuku tsvuku; kana yakashandiswa nebrashi, inogona kubudisa ruvara rutsvuku kana ruvara rwepiniki. Toxic; bata zvakanaka.
- Platinum: inopa grey.
- Sirivha neBismuth: inoshandiswa mukuchira.
- Uranium Oxide: inopa tsvuku, koral uye yellow mavara. Cherechedza: kunyange kuputirwa mune glaze, uranium inoramba iine radioactive. Toxic; bata zvakanaka.